8 SLBM tube covers is clearly visible and a few more behind the sail and engineering space
Recent satellite imagery reveals India's latest nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), the S4, in it's outer dry dock, with it's shed open for the first time. Analysts are scrutinizing the images for insights into its potential capabilities, which suggest significant upgrades over its predecessors in the Arihant class.
The S4, the third of India's Arihant-class SSBNs, was launched in November 2021. The newly exposed submarine in its dry dock appears notably larger than its sister vessels, S2 and S3. Experts believe this increased size translates into a greater capacity for submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs).
With a total of 4 Arihant class ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) planned, the sea-based deterrent force is now an established reality. These submarines are being supported by large-scale investment in command and control systems that include long-range communication facilities, dedicated hardened bases, and the appropriate support vessels. It is now clear that India is committed to achieving a nuclear triad, which would be in accordance with standard nuclear warfighting doctrine wrote international defence analyst Richard Sterk.
Visible launch tubes suggest the S4 could carry double its predecessors' complement of SLBMs. The exact number remains classified, but analysts speculate it may be equipped to carry either 24 K-15 missiles (1,000+ km range) or 8 K-4 missiles (4,000 km range). This potential increase in firepower represents a significant development in India's underwater nuclear deterrent.
Imagery has also captured the S4* (Star), another Arihant-class submarine under construction. Both the S4 and S4* are likely designed to accommodate both K-15 and K-4 missiles, giving India's Navy strategic flexibility. Its addition to India's naval fleet further underscores the nation's commitment to strengthening its strategic defense capabilities.
