It depends on your compiler. Some compilers do. Install OllyDBG and try to reverse engineer a test app and you will probably see a lot of comments do show up. It's usually one of the easiest tasks in beginner level reverse engineering challenges for cracking passwords, etc.
I've never seen that. Maybe those comments you see come from other part of the application, but not from "//" of C code.
There are apps that could turn scripting code into executable binaries, but those are not true compilers.
BTW highly unlikely to use scripting code in this attack, the target was embedded devices, so likely was C code compiled for small embedded devices processors like MIPS.
This is what says Google AI about it:
is there some compiler than includes code comments in binary?
No standard compiler includes source code comments in the resulting binary or machine code.
In OllyDBG can be seen comments, from where it comes?
The comments you see in OllyDbg do not come from the original source code; they are generated automatically by OllyDbg’s analysis engine or loaded from external files created by reverse engineers.
Anyway, it's a DGSE nonsense claim that would point to Iran, when it can be removed in seconds, and in a state sponsored attack that it's the minimum expected.
It points to someone wanting to blame Iran, and we know very well who are so sadistic and twisted: Israel.
BTW Germany was not affected, a European country with good ziorelations.
Ziodemons need to learn some restraint from their sadistic stupid troublemaking. But as there are so low and unworthy people like French DGSE following the game, zios will keep doing it.