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Well, one can never be sure. Pakistan is quite widely said to have the nukes since 1988 but never tested them out of concern of sanctions but then had to do it when the time came to restore deterrence.I think they do not possess any nuclear weapons—if they did, it's likely they would have already demonstrated the capabilities.
Israel never declared them to date and nobody's sure if they have ever even tested one properly. For the same reason.
NK assembled their Nukes in 2002 but never tested them until 2006 when the timing was safe enough and they had full protection of China.
Who knows Iran might have some already as well. that would place Iran and Israel in the same category of "have them but not sure if they actually work". Its a difficult task. You can do cold tests but to test a real explosion, you have to take a huge risk. If the test works then great, if it does not, then you end up in a terribly bad position where the world knows you tried it and failed, then you have some real explaining to do while still not having a nuke.









