@Oscar
This is a very good piece and I read it with serious interest.
Military reform is a need of the time and civilian political institutions are needed but I would suggest that a cultural change within the military itself can be created by reforms to the force structure.
what if, for eg, the military wasn’t so officer heavy? I.e. there was a conscript structure similar to Israel that brought in large numbers of “Citizen soldiers” for short term service and offered the career path to select few based on performance? In the Pakistani context, the “professional military” creates a permanent officer class with an incentive for personal enrichment followed by a large permanent underclass of NCOs and losers which tends to concentrate the pain of military service in certain geographic areas. This would also reduce the pension burden and create a system where the nation’s culture grew stronger through shared experience and service.
The military does have a strong institutional culture that civilian institutions could use more of, which this method could promote over time rather than direct intervention by the military. As civilians from different backgrounds would enter the military, this would also break down barriers and cause irreversible permanent change to the worst aspects of Pakistani military culture.
The biggest challenge to all of this would be the fact that the military has very large institutional holdings in significant parts of the economy that would have to be privatized which is something that would be very difficult to make happen in order to break the ossified top heavy culture that the current system tends to create.