You seem to lack a certain understanding of the real world. Perhaps you could travel to China yourself, take a ride on the High-Speed Rail (HSR), and experience firsthand the differences between it and air travel.
Aircraft serve as a point-to-point mode of transportation. They contribute "zero" value to the intermediate points along a route. If Vietnam consisted of only two cities—Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City—and over 90% of the population resided in those two cities, and furthermore, if the Vietnamese government had no intention of developing other cities, then the civil aviation solution you described would indeed be the optimal choice.
HSR, however, is a mode of transportation of an entirely different nature.
I suggest you first familiarize yourself with the basic operational protocols of civil aviation.
Constructing a civil aviation airport is not particularly difficult. However, maintaining the normal operation of such an airport is an extremely challenging undertaking; it entails a great many highly stringent requirements.
Here is a point of reference for you.
The city where I reside—Mianyang, Sichuan Province—is home to a civil aviation airport.
Mianyang has a permanent population of approximately 7 million and a GDP of around 450 billion RMB. It ranks second within Sichuan Province and places roughly 100th nationwide.
Regarding Mianyang's civil airport: if one were to look solely at its commercial aviation operating figures, it has consistently operated at a 100% net loss. However, the facility itself is a dual-use military-civilian airport, meaning it receives a certain level of financial subsidy from the military. Furthermore, the airport serves as a training base for the Civil Aviation Flight University of China. It is only thanks to these two substantial sources of subsidy that the Mianyang airport is able to barely maintain normal operations.
For the sake of comparison, you might find it useful to benchmark this against other cities in Vietnam (excluding Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City).