As is well known, Chinese and Turkish netizens have recently been engaged in a fierce war of words on Twitter. Thanks to the efforts of the PDF management team, this war of words has not spilled over into this forum. I would like to express my gratitude to the management team!
Since these are merely grassroots actions by internet users, I do not believe they warrant in-depth discussion.
But !!!
A few hours ago, the official Chinese state media outlet China News Service published an article lashing out at Türkiye!
Link.
Original Chinese text:
土耳其近期启用两套新教材，公然将多国领土划入其生造的所谓“突厥斯坦”和“统一突厥文明疆域”，覆盖面甚至包括中国新疆、甘肃、青海等省区。土耳其极端势力及“泛突厥主义”野心不小，但历史账却经不起细算。“泛伊斯兰主义”和“泛突厥主义”“双泛”思潮萌芽之际，奥斯曼土耳其便在左宗棠收复新疆的同时陷入主权债务危机。此后，奥斯曼帝国推行“双泛”路线并卷入一战，最终战败瓦解。狂热推行“泛突厥主义”的恩维尔帕夏逃窜中亚，最终被苏联红军击毙。如今，“埃尔多安经济学”已然破灭，土耳其“泛突厥”野心却持续膨胀。历史覆辙，是否重演？
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Google Translate:
Turkey has recently introduced two new sets of textbooks that brazenly incorporate the territories of several nations into a fabricated concept of "Turkestan"—a purported "unified Turkic civilizational realm"—which even extends to include China’s Xinjiang, Gansu, and Qinghai provinces. While extremist factions in Turkey harbor grand ambitions rooted in "Pan-Turkism," their historical narrative crumbles under close scrutiny. The ideologies of "Pan-Islamism" and "Pan-Turkism" first emerged just as the Ottoman Empire—coinciding with Zuo Zongtang’s campaign to reclaim Xinjiang for China—was mired in a sovereign debt crisis. Subsequently, the Ottoman Empire pursued these "Pan-" agendas and became embroiled in World War I, ultimately leading to its defeat and collapse. Enver Pasha, a fervent proponent of "Pan-Turkism," fled to Central Asia, where he was eventually killed by the Soviet Red Army. Today, as "Erdoganomics" lies in ruins, Turkey’s "Pan-Turkic" ambitions continue to swell. Is history destined to repeat itself?
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I do not wish to comment on Turkey itself; there is no point in doing so. That would only lead to an endless exchange of insults on this forum.
The purpose of this thread is to examine the choices Pakistan faces within the context of this relationship.
Chinanews.com is a website operated by China News Service (CNS), an official news agency of the Chinese government. Although it may not possess the same level of renown or influence as Xinhua News Agency—the other major state-run news outlet—it remains an unequivocally official entity.
From one perspective, the upper echelons of the Chinese government currently wish to avoid escalating the situation, which is why they have utilized Chinanews.com to disseminate relevant information. However, should this form of "low-key protest" fail to elicit the desired response, official channels may escalate the matter further. This represents a pattern of conflict characterized by an upward, spiraling escalation.
The dilemma, however, lies with Pakistan—a nation that maintains very close ties to both China and Turkey—as it must navigate the delicate challenge of how to respond should the conflict escalate further.
To reiterate:
Our primary focus is on Pakistan’s reaction to this situation, rather than on the underlying issues between China and Turkey themselves.
