Religious discussion isn't allowed, so I'll keep this brief.
Yes, sins can be forgiven without any punishment after repentance. The Hudood punishment was given not just because it was a sin but also law of the state. Like SA's law about women drivers (not a sin but law).
Also, think in totality. Hz Umar RZ suspended theft punishment in famine, citing a state which cannot provide food cannot punish. Similarly, if a state cannot close red areas, drugs/alcohol sale, make nikah easy and affordable, then it cannot punish on hudood with the same severity of the past but at a lesser level, like 1 year imprisonment, etc.
The zakat incident was a combination of refusal of tax, defying the state ruling/writ, and violating a basic pillar of Islam. Also, we are not aware of how many negotiation attempts preceded the lethal action.
Also, the disqualification criterion you set will eliminate many main politicians' seats in the parliament today.
The killing section was part of the ayat but not the debate. However, let's discuss it. The state can only kill by law. Till today, we cannot justify Operation Searchlight. The state cannot supersede Allah's decree and start killing its citizens because they are protesting. Also, whatever they do, the state should own it and be accountable.
Muslim kings and rulers in the past have killed many dissidents in the name of traitor or khawarij or murtad or kaffir. ISIS has killed many using the same phrases. These people have also demolished mosques and religious sites by using Masgid Zarrar precedent. These are favourite phrases of every ruler.
I will not engage in this religious matter further.
