Iran has thousands of those C-802 like missiles which some have a range of 600+km and can be launched from F-4 or Su-22
Probably hundreds of Persian Gulf AshBM and Hormuz-2 anti radiation AshBM which would be devastating if one Hormuz-2 hits a carrier
They are largely capable of breaking a carrier in two then sinking it, keep hitting it when USN tries to rescue the sailors, this will guarantee at least hundreds of casualties
Houthis only launched small salvos of them (not more than 3), Iran can launch a massive amount of them at the same time to guarantee at least some impacts
IRGCN has the same missile cities layout but for coastal defense, stored underground and launchers disguised as civilian truck will facilitate their survivability
If Iran really wants to sink a carrier, it can, but sinking their destroyers or cruisers will be easier considering it can achieve a chain explosion reaction by hitting the VLS area like Ukraine did on Russian cruiser