Yes, Pakistan did support the
Mujahideen during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and extended political and moral support to
freedom movements in Kashmir—
but this was during the pre-9/11 era. At the time, this support was consistent with the geopolitical dynamics of the Cold War and was even coordinated with Western powers, particularly the United States.
This is not unprecedented in global politics. Nations, including the West, have often supported armed opposition groups under international legal frameworks. For instance, the
UN Charter’s Chapter VII (or some other) allows the
UN Security Council to take military or non-military action in response to threats to peace, breaches of peace, or acts of aggression like supporting FSA. While Pakistan had no world or US support but it framed its polcies in the context of
opposing foreign occupation and supporting what was then seen by many in the Muslim world as liberation struggles.
However,
everything changed after 9/11. Pakistan
reversed course entirely, aligning with the international community against terrorism. Since then,
Pakistan has not supported any such group and, in fact, has borne the brunt of the fallout:
over 90,000 lives lost, and an
economic toll exceeding $100 billion due to terrorism and instability.
To understand Pakistan’s historical position, one must acknowledge the
context of the times. Calling earlier resistance movements "terrorism" without historical nuance is like calling
Udham Singh or participants of the
1857 War of Independence (also called the "Sepoy Mutiny" by the British) terrorists. These were
freedom fighters to their people, and their labelling depended heavily on perspective and the prevailing narrative of power.
In essence:
- Pakistan's support in the past was shaped by geopolitical context and was widely accepted at the time.
- Post-9/11, Pakistan decisively broke from those policies.
- Today, Pakistan is a victim of the very groups it once indirectly supported, a painful irony it continues to pay for.