The proposed 27th Constitutional Amendment in Pakistan, currently under discussion, reportedly includes provisions that critics argue would formalize the military's role in governance and expand the powers of Army Chief Field Marshal Asim Munir. The government, however, insists the changes are for long-term stability and will not endanger democracy.
Key reported proposals of the amendment include:
- Institutionalizing the Field Marshal Rank: Granting constitutional recognition and legal standing to the rank of Field Marshal, a title currently without formal legal basis, potentially securing and extending General Munir's tenure beyond his scheduled retirement date in November 2025.
- Altering Military Command Structure: Amending Article 243 of the Constitution, which currently states that the federal government has command of the armed forces, to potentially transfer some of that authority to the new office of the Field Marshal.
- Expanding Appointment Powers: Empowering the Field Marshal to appoint the chiefs of the army, air force, navy, and the ISI intelligence agency.
- Granting Legal Immunity: Providing immunity to the Field Marshal from legal or political challenges.
- Centralizing Federal Power: Reversing parts of the 18th Amendment (2010) by transferring control of ministries like education and population welfare from the provinces back to the federal government.
- Modifying Provincial Funding: Reducing the share of provinces in federal resources and removing the constitutional protection for their share under the National Finance Commission (NFC) during economic crises.
- Judicial System Changes: Creating a new system of constitutional courts and restoring executive magistrates at the district level, moves that some experts warn could curtail judicial independence and make the judiciary more susceptible to political pressure.
- Streamlining Appointments: Streamlining the process for appointing the Chief Election Commissioner to prevent delays.
The bill is expected to require a two-thirds majority in Parliament to pass, which the ruling coalition is working to secure. The proposed changes have drawn criticism from the opposition and legal experts, who express concerns about threatening democracy, eroding civilian supremacy, and undermining provincial autonomy