There might be some Turkic tribes already in Europe before Tang dynasty.
Were Turks defeated by Tang dynasty and chased away to Eurasia ?
AI Overview
The
Tang Dynasty decisively defeated both the
Eastern Turkic Khaganate in 630 CE and the
Western Turkic Khaganate by 657 CE. Rather than chasing an entire unified population directly into Europe, these military campaigns shattered Turkic power on the Mongolian Plateau and Central Asia, leading some splintered tribes to migrate westward into the Ponto-Caspian and European steppes over subsequent decades and centuries. [
1,
2,
3,
4]
The Tang Campaigns Against the Turks
- Eastern Turks: Defeated in 630 CE by Tang forces under General Li Jing at the Battle of Yinshan. Their leader, Illig Qaghan, was captured, and many tribes submitted or were resettled. [1, 2, 3]
- Western Turks: Crushed in a major 657 CE campaign led by Tang general Su Dingfang against Ashina Helu, bringing Central Asian oasis states temporarily under Tang protectorates
Migration to Eurasia
- Westward Movement: While the Tang military broke the ruling khaganates and exacted submission, the ongoing political collapse and pressures from rival steppe groups pushed various Turkic elements (such as the Bulgars, Khazars, and later Pechenegs or Oghuz) to drift deeper into Western Eurasia and Eastern Europe. [1]