Vietnam seeks China's support to develop high-speed rail project

[Viet]

You just did with Soviet Union. But, the survey says Vietnamese will support US over China in a war, that's your attitude and choice, as what can Vietnam get out from your siding with US, maybe the Yankees will pat your people's backs and bring back US G.I.s to your country to protect Vietnam from China, and who knows maybe Yankees will also seize Chinese islands in SCS for Vietnam too, lol.

That’s a different story. We were at war, divided, hungry, desperate. We could end up in gas chambers. But clearly a strategic mistake by VN when hang on to USSR. Today it makes no sense. Unless Ccp becomes crazy with a mullah as Ccp chairman.
Nonsense, VN military is very capable we don’t need the US military.

 

[ety]

We could end up in gas chambers.

Lol.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

You just did with Soviet Union. But, the survey says Vietnamese will support US over China in a war, that's your attitude and choice, as what can Vietnam get out from your siding with US, maybe the Yankees will pat your people's backs and bring back US G.I.s to your country to protect Vietnam from China, and who knows maybe Yankees will also seize Chinese islands in SCS for Vietnam too, lol.

A picture of a Vietnamese woman with a stake piercing through her gen*tal are still floating around on the internet. And unlike the Khmer Rouge, who actually brutally massacred, decacipatated, raped Vietnamese within Vietnam's territory in a horrific manner, can you explain why exactly did Vietnam take the side of Soviet Union and how we posed a threat or committed any crimes or atrocities against Chinese on Chinese soil? Not a wise move by siding with the Soviet Union I admitted but it was a necessary one to take, considering Pol Pot literally got convicted for all the atrocities he committed.

 

[ety]

A picture of a Vietnamese woman with a stake pierced through her gen*tal are still floating around on the internet. And unlike the Khmer Rouge, who actually brutally massacred, decacipatated, raped Vietnamese within Vietnam's territory in a horrific manner, can you explain why exactly did Vietnam take the side of Soviet Union and how we posed a threat or committed any crimes or atrocities against Chinese on Chinese soil? Not a wise move by siding with the Soviet Union I admitted but it was a necessary one to take, considering Pol Pot literally got convicted for all the atrocities he committed.

That was Vietnam's choice to side with China's enemy Soviet Union at the time against China, that's that simple.

 

[majesticpug]

That’s a different story. We were at war, divided, hungry, desperate. We could end up in gas chambers. But clearly a strategic mistake by VN when hang on to USSR. Today it makes no sense. Unless Ccp becomes crazy with a mullah as Ccp chairman.
Nonsense, VN military is very capable we don’t need the US military.

Vietnamese and Chinese have been very close throughout the thousands of years of history. In fact, Vietnamese' Confucianism resembles Chinese more than perhaps the Japanese and Koreans. A lot of Vietnamese language phrases and practices resemble those in Guangdong and GuangXi of China. In its war against the French and Americans, China provided logistics, weapons, harboring, training, and even soldiers disguished as VN soldiers. It was rumored Dien Bien Phu had a lot of PLA volunteers and the overall battles were directed by Gen. Yang of the PLA. (I won't endorse or dispel the rumor because this is not going to be written in the history book)
Yet after VC won the war in 1975, VN began a series of ethnic cleansing of the Chinese living there, especially in the South. The cleansing included evicting them as refugees while collecting 'gold' as fees. VN suddenly turned against China and invaded Cambodia and Laos. It was then China decided to 'teach VN a lesson', but the military objective was actually to stop VN from taking over Laos and Cambodia.
Because the actions of VN had been selling out the Chinese whenever they can, Chinese people naturally distrusts the Vietnam and even call VN a 'two-head snake'. Even in recent years, VN rather gave many infrastructure contracts to more expensive Japanese teams than rather honoring its bidding process. The current VN government continued its blockage of Chinese by reversing the past president's course and giving the contracts to Japan. YET the news they heard from japan was the high-speed rail will not be completed until 2045, more than 21 years later if at all. That's clearly unacceptable and will put VN in a disadvantaged position in the bustling, fast-growing SE Asia. That's why he made the trip to China and see Xi. Xi is friendly to the VN but by and large the Chinese people still don't trust the VN as its other head waves to the US to form alliance suppressing China. Xi might be making a grave strategic mistake.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

Vietnamese and Chinese have been very close throughout the thousands of years of history. In fact, Vietnamese' Confucianism resembles Chinese more than perhaps the Japanese and Koreans. A lot of Vietnamese language phrases and practices resemble those in Guangdong and GuangXi of China. In its war against the French and Americans, China provided logistics, weapons, harboring, training, and even soldiers disguished as VN soldiers. It was rumored Dien Bien Phu had a lot of PLA volunteers and the overall battles were directed by Gen. Yang of the PLA. (I won't endorse or dispel the rumor because this is not going to be written in the history book)
Yet after VC won the war in 1975, VN began a series of ethnic cleansing of the Chinese living there, especially in the South. The cleansing included evicting them as refugees while collecting 'gold' as fees. VN suddenly turned against China and invaded Cambodia and Laos. It was then China decided to 'teach VN a lesson', but the military objective was actually to stop VN from taking over Laos and Cambodia.
Because the actions of VN had been selling out the Chinese whenever they can, Chinese people naturally distrusts the Vietnam and even call VN a 'two-head snake'. Even in recent years, VN rather gave many infrastructure contracts to more expensive Japanese teams than rather honoring its bidding process. The current VN government continued its blockage of Chinese by reversing the past president's course and giving the contracts to Japan. YET the news they heard from japan was the high-speed rail will not be completed until 2045, more than 21 years later if at all. That's clearly unacceptable and will put VN in a disadvantaged position in the bustling, fast-growing SE Asia. That's why he made the trip to China and see Xi. Xi is friendly to the VN but by and large the Chinese people still don't trust the VN as its other head waves to the US to form alliance suppressing China. Xi might be making a grave strategic mistake.

Dispute regarding Chinese Vietnamese people

The immigration of Chinese people (or Hoa people) to Vietnam as well as to other countries in Southeast Asia is a complicated and long process that happened in many phases in many forms, from being sporadic and spontaneous to being massive with large scale. Due to geographical characteristics compared to other countries in the region, Chinese people migrated to Vietnam quite early. Soldiers and troops aside, the fact that Chinese people migrated to Vietnam and settled here was common after the civil wars in China. In the flow of history, along with changes in Chinese history, the number of Chinese people coming to Vietnam gradually increased. Over centuries, Chinese people came to all three regions of North, Central and South Vietnam with population of 1.2 to 2 million (Luu, et. al, 2020).

Regulations applied to Hoa people in Vietnam during the times of Vietnamese feudal dynasties were no different from residents of other ethnic communities (they enjoy civil rights and are treated the same as Vietnamese citizens). Since the beginning of the 19th century, children born from marriages between Vietnamese citizens and Hoa people are considered Vietnamese citizens and fully enjoy political rights. During the war, Hoa people also stood side by side with Vietnamese people to overcome the hardships. In 1955, according to the agreement between the Vietnamese Labor Party and the Chinese Communist Party, “Chinese people residing in North Vietnam must be placed under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam and gradually naturalized as Vietnamese citizens” (Ramses Amer, 1991, p.8), to enjoy the same rights as Vietnamese citizens and to voluntarily accept Vietnamese citizenship. In the South, during the period of 1955-1956, the Republic of Vietnam government also introduced laws and regulations for Chinese Vietnamese. Accordingly, all children born from marriages between Chinese and Vietnamese citizens are considered Vietnamese citizens, all Chinese born in Vietnam automatically become Vietnamese citizens (including those who were born in the time before) (Ramses Amer, 1991, p.10). During the resistance war of Vietnam against the US (1954-1975), there was no disagreements between Vietnam and China regarding Hoa people in Vietnam. However, after the reunification of Vietnam, Hoa people in Vietnam became a controversial issue which led to tensions between the two countries.

After 1975, the Government of Vietnam continued to comply with the agreement signed by both countries in 1955 regarding Hoa people in Vietnam. According to the agreement, all Hoa people in Vietnam (whether in the North or the South) are Vietnamese, and no longer have Chinese nationality. However, since late 1976, China changed its policy for “overseas Chinese”. During the “Great Cultural Revolution” (from 1960s to 1970s), Chinese people repatriating to China were suspected by the government to be wealthy and were discriminated against, but since the beginning of 1977, China looked forward to receiving supports from oversea Chinese (including those residing in Vietnam) for country development (Nguyen, 2014). Thus, China considered all Hoa people in Vietnam as Chinese nationals; accused Vietnam of not implementing the agreements that both countries signed in mid-1950s, not ensuring the voluntary selection of nationality of Hoa people, forcing Hoa people to accept Vietnamese citizenship, etc.

In April 1978, Vietnam proceeded to renovate the capitalist and private industry and trade in the South. Although the renovation was not deliberately aimed at the Hoa people community or any individual communities, but due to historical factors, most capitalists in the South were of Chinese origin, thus became the main subject of this reform (People’s Daily, 1978). China considered the industry and trade reforms in some major cities in South Vietnam as a public challenge to China’s newly-announced policy to protect overseas Chinese, so it appealed to policy of Vietnam (People’s Daily, 1978). During this period, the Chinese mass media began to spread arguments provoking national psychology and calling on Hoa people to give up Vietnamese citizenship and repatriate. Allegations about an inevitable war between Vietnam and China, how Chinese people in Vietnam will be affected, etc. were also spread in the Chinese Vietnamese community, causing them to be confused and panic-stricken. Affected by the propaganda campaign of China, many young Hoa people in Sai Gon - Cho Lon gathered to cross the border; tens of thousands of Hoa people in Ho Chi Minh City closed their shops and moved their homes. The wave of Hoa people leaving Vietnam for China and other countries increased rapidly (Nguyen, 2014).

On April 30, 1978, Liao Cheng, Chairman of Office for Overseas Chinese Affairs (under the State Council of China) openly said that “Chinese people in Vietnam are massively repatriating”, starting the “exodus of Hoa people”. In order to draw the attention from the international public, China set up reception stations along the border of the two countries and asked Vietnam to allow Chinese ships to dock in ports of Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City to pick up repatriating Hoa people in 3 months (Party Central Office, 1986). By the end of 1978, there were about 200,000 Hoa people leaving Vietnam for China (Ramses Amer, 1994, pp. 360-361).

Along with accusations against Vietnam regarding the issue of Hoa people, using the excuse of “solving many problems for Hoa people”, from late 1975, China stopped its non-refundable aid, terminated loans by the end of 1977, and also withdrew its experts from Vinh Phuc textile factory in May 1978 (Stephen J. Morris, 1999, p.29).. On May 12 and May 30, 1978, using the reason of dealing with problems regarding accommodation and work for Hoa people returning to China from Vietnam, China sent to the Government of Vietnam two diplomatic notes announcing the decision to cancel 72 projects previously agreed by both countries (Ramses Amer, 1994, pp. 360-361). On July 3, 1978, China announced the termination of all economic and technical assistance, and withdrew all Chinese experts who were working in Vietnam back to China (Ramses Amer, 1994, p. 32). From 1976, China had been reducing and by 1978 completely cut off the aid of about 500 million USD for equipment and 300 million USD per year for goods and supplies for Vietnam, including 340 thousand tons of food, 430 thousand tons of petroleum, 30 million meters of cloths and 15 thousand tons of cotton, 140 thousand tons of fertilizer, 150 thousand tons of cement, 200 thousand tons of bituminous coal, etc (Party Central Office, 1986). Explaining the aid termination, in addition to having a huge financial burden in arranging work and accommodation for repatriated Chinese people, China also stated that “Vietnam is increasingly and seriously anti-China... so that we are forced to cut off all economic and technical aid for Vietnam as well as to send our experts in Vietnam back home (Vietnam Institute for Military History, 1988, p.12).

Not only unilaterally cutting off the aid agreed by both countries, on June 17, 1978, China ordered Vietnamese consulates in Kunming, Guangzhou and Nanning to relocate to their home country (Stephen J. Morris, 1999). On July 12, 1978, China closed the border with Vietnam, trapping tens of thousands of Hoa people who wanted to go to China. By the time the departure of Hoa people was rampant, China made the condition that those who want to return to China must apply for a repatriation permit from the Chinese Embassy in Hanoi as well as an exit passport issued by the Vietnamese government, and claimed to accept only Chinese people who are being mistreated by the Vietnamese Government, and definitely not to accept Vietnamese of Chinese origin, or Chinese with Vietnamese citizenship (Ramses Amer, 1994, p. 32).

Given the complexity of the matter, many negotiations on the repatriation of Chinese-origin people in Vietnam between the two countries in 1978 took place but did not yield results due to different views of the two parties. China believed that Vietnam mistreated and deported Hoa residents, as well as not allowed Hoa people in Vietnam to freely choose their nationality (Nguyen, 2014). Meanwhile, Vietnam asserted its stance that all Hoa people in Vietnam are Vietnamese. On September 1, 1978, Vietnam issued a 4-argument statement: (1) The Vietnamese government calls on the Hoa people to stay in Vietnam, where they can rest assure to live and work. China had to stop using these people to interfere in the internal affairs of Vietnam; (2) Hoa people who want to leave Vietnam will be allowed to leave after completing exit procedures. Vietnam is willing to discuss with China specific events regarding those people; (3) Hoa people in Southern Vietnam who want to come back to China will be provided with all favorable conditions to leave Vietnam; (4) Those who leave for China are not allowed to return to Vietnam. In case of having justifiable reasons, the Government of Vietnam will consider to let them return. China is not to sponsor illegal re-immigration (Ramses Amer, 1991, pp. 33-35). It can be said that the issue of Hoa people is one of the reasons that increase tensions in Vietnam-China relations.

http://portal.amelica.org/ameli/jatsRepo/517/5172230011/html/

 

[Yellow is Okay]

Vietnamese and Chinese have been very close throughout the thousands of years of history. In fact, Vietnamese' Confucianism resembles Chinese more than perhaps the Japanese and Koreans. A lot of Vietnamese language phrases and practices resemble those in Guangdong and GuangXi of China. In its war against the French and Americans, China provided logistics, weapons, harboring, training, and even soldiers disguished as VN soldiers. It was rumored Dien Bien Phu had a lot of PLA volunteers and the overall battles were directed by Gen. Yang of the PLA. (I won't endorse or dispel the rumor because this is not going to be written in the history book)
Yet after VC won the war in 1975, VN began a series of ethnic cleansing of the Chinese living there, especially in the South. The cleansing included evicting them as refugees while collecting 'gold' as fees. VN suddenly turned against China and invaded Cambodia and Laos. It was then China decided to 'teach VN a lesson', but the military objective was actually to stop VN from taking over Laos and Cambodia.
Because the actions of VN had been selling out the Chinese whenever they can, Chinese people naturally distrusts the Vietnam and even call VN a 'two-head snake'. Even in recent years, VN rather gave many infrastructure contracts to more expensive Japanese teams than rather honoring its bidding process. The current VN government continued its blockage of Chinese by reversing the past president's course and giving the contracts to Japan. YET the news they heard from japan was the high-speed rail will not be completed until 2045, more than 21 years later if at all. That's clearly unacceptable and will put VN in a disadvantaged position in the bustling, fast-growing SE Asia. That's why he made the trip to China and see Xi. Xi is friendly to the VN but by and large the Chinese people still don't trust the VN as its other head waves to the US to form alliance suppressing China. Xi might be making a grave strategic mistake.

By the time the departure of Hoa people was rampant, China made the condition that those who want to return to China must apply for a repatriation permit from the Chinese Embassy in Hanoi as well as an exit passport issued by the Vietnamese government, and claimed to accept only Chinese people who are being mistreated by the Vietnamese Government, and definitely not to accept Vietnamese of Chinese origin, or Chinese with Vietnamese citizenship (Ramses Amer, 1994, p. 32).

Even China refused to allow Vietnamese of Chinese descent to return to the country, and many of the "Chinese" boat people seen in the West were those who either ran from the communists or declined Vietnamese citizenship. However, I agree that it was a cheap move from Le Duan.

In April 1978, Vietnam proceeded to renovate the capitalist and private industry and trade in the South. Although the renovation was not deliberately aimed at the Hoa people community or any individual communities, but due to historical factors, most capitalists in the South were of Chinese origin, thus became the main subject of this reform (People’s Daily, 1978).

The main political reasons

After 1975, in addition to economic reasons, the migration to new economic zones also had political intentions to reduce the number of people loyal to the Republic of Vietnam concentrated in urban areas, especially in Saigon, to control oppositionists more easily. From 1975 to 1980, Ho Chi Minh City relocated 832,000 people to rural areas. Coercive methods used to move urban residents to new economic zones included reclaiming household registrations, withdrawing rice and essential ration cards, and banning children from enrolling in schools, forcing the affected population to move to rural areas.

According to Le Duan's speech at the first session of the National Assembly on June 25, 1976:

"In the South, those who previously enjoyed a material standard of living far exceeding the capabilities of our domestic economy and their own labor results, thanks to the imperialist war of aggression by the United States, should understand that this was a life of fake prosperity exchanged for the suffering and death of millions of compatriots, by the destruction of countless villages and towns, by the loss of countless young people, by the trampling of human dignity of many women in temporarily occupied areas, and by the humiliation of losing their homeland. They should understand that a lifestyle driven by fake needs in a 'consumer society', pursuing mundane desires, is completely contrary to a genuinely happy and civilized life. These compatriots can and should return to reality, return to the life of the nation, living by the fruits of their own labor. That is the path towards a joyful, beautiful, meaningful, dignified, genuinely happy, and enduring life for themselves and their descendants."

According to the directive dated May 19, 1976, the government set forth five categories of urban residents who must move to new economic zones:

1. The unemployed population
2. Unauthorized residents
3. Residents living in areas designated for civil servants and military personnel
4. Small traders, small landlords, and big businessmen
5. Ethnic Chinese and Catholics.

The target was to relocate 1,200,000 urban residents from within Saigon to outside the city. The remaining big businessmen in Ho Chi Minh City were not to exceed 10% of the original total.

1. The unemployed population
2. Unauthorized residents
3. Residents living in areas designated for civil servants and military personnel
4. Small traders, small landlords, and big businessmen
5. Ethnic Chinese and Catholics.

Not only did people lose their gold, but they also lost their lands, and it wasn't just the Chinese/Hoa who were affected but also the Vietnamese. My grandfather lost a significant portion of his land and was nearly relocated to one of those "new economic zones" after the fall of Saigon. What's most ironic is that my grandfather was from the Northern Central Coast and was jailed for supporting Vietminh during the First Indochina war.

Communists in Vietnam and Cambodia allied to fight the U.S.-backed government during the Vietnam War, but after taking power the Khmer Rouge leadership began to purge its ranks of Vietnamese-trained personnel and then began to invade Vietnam. On 3 May 1975, Khmer Rouge troops invaded Phu Quoc Island, then on 10 May, they occupied Tho Chu Island, killing 528 civilians, and on 14 June, they were expelled by the Vietnamese People's Army (PAVN).

Despite the conflict, the leaders of the reunified Vietnam and of Cambodia held several public diplomatic exchanges during 1976 to underscore their supposedly-strong ties; however, the Khmer Rouge began cross-border attacks. Such incidents occurred in Kien Giang province on March 15–18, 1977 and in An Giang province from 25 to 28 March, with more attacks on April 30, May 17, and May 19, killing 222 civilians in the May 17 assault. The Central Khmer Rouge shelled Chau Doc, the capital of An Giang Province. On 25 September 1977, during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Khmer Rouge launched an attack along the Cambodia-Vietnam border, about 10 kilometers deep into the territory of Tay Ninh Province, killing 592 local residents.

A picture of a Vietnamese woman with a stake piercing through her gen*tal are still floating around on the internet. And unlike the Khmer Rouge, who actually brutally massacred, decacipatated, raped Vietnamese within Vietnam's territory in a horrific manner, can you explain why exactly did Vietnam take the side of Soviet Union and how we posed a threat or committed any crimes or atrocities against Chinese on Chinese soil? Not a wise move by siding with the Soviet Union I admitted but it was a necessary one to take, considering Pol Pot literally got convicted for all the atrocities he committed.

Khmer Rouge invaded Vietnam first in 1975 shortly after Vietnam's reunification, and we only invaded them after the massacre of Vietnamese civilians on Vietnamese territory in 1978.

After 30 years Japan has become Vietnam’s biggest ODA donor, with more than JPY2.7 trillion, approximately US$20 billion, in loans, nearly JPY100 billion in grant aid, and roughly JPY180 billion in support for technical cooperation.​

https://vietnamnet.vn/en/japan-becomes-largest-oda-donor-for-vietnam-2119365.html

Japan is our largest ODA donor, and since this assistance is bilateral, it's natural to assign projects to them, given that a significant amount of our infrastructure has been and continues to be built with ODA funds. That's exactly how ODA operates.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

One of the most remarkable aspects of The Winning Side is the extraordinary frankness of this section of the book especially given the fact that it was written by a working journalist based inside the country. Huy Đức describes how communist officials lied baldly and repeatedly about the duration of re-education. He depicts how family members were encouraged to turn in their relatives. He details the appalling conditions in the camps and the callous mistreatment of inmates’ families. He portrays the anti-bourgeois crusades and anti-Chinese operations as rapacious campaigns of official theft, extortion and coercive expulsion. His account of the Cambodian invasion emphasises the irony of the Vietnamese Communist Party’s close historic relationship with Pol Pot. His depiction of the massive post 1975 migration reveals the role played by corrupt local security forces in facilitating and profiting from the exodus. And he pulls few punches in his account of the catastrophic “Northification” of the southern Vietnamese economy, a campaign driven by a mix of arrogance, stupidity and ideological zeal.

Huy Đức blames Le Duan for “Northification” but he implicates Ho Chi Minh as well by juxtaposing a discussion of the policy (in Chapter 8) with an extended digression called “Uncle’s Road” (Con Đường Của Bác). In “Uncle’s Road,” Huy Đức describes Ho Chi Minh’s endorsement of the communisation of the northern economy during the 1950s—a policy that included the notorious Land Reform of 1953–56 as well as an assault on the northern bourgeoisie that provided a precedent for the attack launched against this class in the South after 1975. Here, Huy Đức goes beyond an increasingly common interpretation of Vietnamese communist politics during the 1950s and 60s—an interpretation favoured in Ken Burns’ recent documentary film— that pits a radical Le Duan against a moderate Ho Chi Minh.

https://www.newmandala.org/book-review/winning-side-ben-thang-cuoc/

 

[Yellow is Okay]

According to Le Duan's speech at the first session of the National Assembly on June 25, 1976:

"In the South, those who previously enjoyed a material standard of living far exceeding the capabilities of our domestic economy and their own labor results, thanks to the imperialist war of aggression by the United States, should understand that this was a life of fake prosperity exchanged for the suffering and death of millions of compatriots, by the destruction of countless villages and towns, by the loss of countless young people, by the trampling of human dignity of many women in temporarily occupied areas, and by the humiliation of losing their homeland. They should understand that a lifestyle driven by fake needs in a 'consumer society', pursuing mundane desires, is completely contrary to a genuinely happy and civilized life. These compatriots can and should return to reality, return to the life of the nation, living by the fruits of their own labor. That is the path towards a joyful, beautiful, meaningful, dignified, genuinely happy, and enduring life for themselves and their descendants."

According to the directive dated May 19, 1976, the government set forth five categories of urban residents who must move to new economic zones:

1. The unemployed population
2. Unauthorized residents
3. Residents living in areas designated for civil servants and military personnel
4. Small traders, small landlords, and big businessmen
5. Ethnic Chinese and Catholics.

The target was to relocate 1,200,000 urban residents from within Saigon to outside the city. The remaining big businessmen in Ho Chi Minh City were not to exceed 10% of the original total.

 

[Menthol]

The railway that connecting China to Thailand increases Thailand export to China, it's also establishing supply chain network between China and Thailand, enabling Thailand to become a major automotive hub too.

People who understand economy, know how important transportation is.

If Indonesia wants to develop the economy, transportation should be the number one priority above anything else.

 

[ety]

China might not choose to build for them, lol. They can beg Japan.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

China might not choose to build for them, lol. They can beg Japan.

Wrong and a baseless assumption considering the ongoing push from both sides.

 

[majesticpug]

Even China refused to allow Vietnamese of Chinese descent to return to the country, and many of the "Chinese" boat people seen in the West were those who either ran from the communists or declined Vietnamese citizenship. However, I agree that it was a cheap move from Le Duan.

That's not true. There were refugee camps set up in GuangXi for people who escaped from Vietcom's prosecution. They were given working opportunities just like any cooperative farmers there.

Not only did people lose their gold, but they also lost their lands, and it wasn't just the Chinese/Hoa who were affected but also the Vietnamese.

Not just the loss of land or any form of ownerships, schools were forbidden to teach Chinese. That's ethnic cleansing -- according to UN standards. American government keeps making up lies about China doing ethnic cleansing, but China actually funded and supported all minorities in preserving each and every culture and its language.

The Biden regime should sanction the VN government instead Xinjiang. But we know it's all a pretense.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

That's not true. There were refugee camps set up in GuangXi for people who escaped from Vietcom's prosecution. They were given working opportunities just like any cooperative farmers there.

I've never said no one escaped from Vietnam. What I said is that China didn't allow Vietnamese Chinese and Chinese with Vietnamese citizenship to return and integrate into Chinese society. Those fleeing Vietnam could be Chinese, Vietnamese, or even Vietnamese of Chinese descent awaiting transportation to other countries. And it wasn't just Guangxi, Vietnamese used to flee to Hong Kong and wait for opportunities to move to other countries.

So when you're talking about Chinese, which specific group are you referring to? Chinese without Vietnamese citizenship, Chinese with Vietnamese citizenship, Vietnamese Chinese, or Vietnamese Chinese refugees waiting to be relocated to other wealthy nations?

Of the nearly 200,000 Vietnamese refugees who sought asylum in Hong Kong between 1976 and 1997, the majority eventually settled in wealthy nations, including the United States, Canada, and Australia.

Not just the loss of land or any form of ownerships, schools were forbidden to teach Chinese. That's ethnic cleansing -- according to UN standards. American government keeps making up lies about China doing ethnic cleansing, but China actually funded and supported all minorities in preserving each and every culture and its language.

The Biden regime should sanction the VN government instead Xinjiang. But we know it's all a pretense.

Journalist Vo Van Tao, also a veteran who came to Saigon in 1978, shared with us his feelings about the prosperous region that he had only read about in books and newspapers before:

"In 1978, Saigon was like a dead city. Almost all industrial activities had ceased. Those who had money before, the small traders, were driven out by the new economic policies, so the city became sparse, empty.

Apart from the misguided economic policies, there was also political animosity. The children of those who were in the military or in the government of the former Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) couldn't even get into university no matter how well they studied. When people felt suffocated by such things, they had to seek freedom. If there were border crossings, the government should be held accountable, not the people crossing the border.

https://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/in_d...ois-in-vietnam-after-1975-10042018145622.html

Why do you keep comparing a chaotic communist regime to a peaceful one? And no, once again, Chinese were not the only ones on the receiving end of unfair treatment.

 

[Yellow is Okay]

Crossing overland into neighboring countries was difficult; Laos and Cambodia were still mired in intense fighting. For many, the only viable escape route was to cross the South China Sea.

But it was a perilous journey. The boats refugees used were often totally inadequate, Bird recalls. Most were ramshackle, broken vessels built for use on the Mekong River Delta rather than the ocean.

“They were grabbing what they could in South Vietnam, which was usually a small riverboat,” says Bird.

Many boats were sunk by typhoons. Others were intercepted by the Vietnamese authorities. In the early days, a large number fell victim to piracy: the perpetrators — mostly from Thailand — robbing the refugees of their possessions before murdering everyone on board.

https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1010214