On PAF's lack of modern SOW:
It is reality and what we saw in May 2025 conflict was the outcome of PAF's historic blunder of turning itself into a completely defensive force with focus on "Defending" the skies only and not preparing for "Punishing Back" the enemy.
I have been saying it since ages that fundamental flaw in PAF's strategic mindset that led to this situation is it being a purely defense oritened force. Look at its fighter fleet in terms of weapon carrying capacities and ranges and then compare it to IAF's 10-Squadron strong fleet of SU-30MKI where each can carry nearly 8 tons of ordinance. Its bigger size allows it to carry weapons like Brahmos for which PAF has very little to no defense. (as we saw in May 2025 conflict). PAF has always told us because Pakistan does not has geopolitical ambitions hence it is contended with its light Multirole fighters like F-16s and JF-17s. No real strike platform. ROSE project itself was a desperate attempt to have some kind of SOW capability after pressler amendments. First time PAF suffered from lack of this capability was Kargil and that was in 1999. Now why do I say it is flawed mindset. Apart from IAF's strength in A2G capabilities, we will also have to take into account the geographical strength of India. It has massive land mass and in Indian Ocean it has even bigger space to manuvear and lure Pakistani single engine light to medium weight multirole fighters deep into its territory in a Kill-Box of S-400 and other advanced long range SAMs. In absense of a true long range, heavy weight bomber fighter (J-16 type), PAF will never be able to neutralize deep embedded IACCS nodes, SAM sites, IAF bases, C2 nodes etc. Leave all those aside, PAF will not even be able to neutralize all those massive ammuniton dumps and Earth Covered Magazines (ECMs) there. Look at this image, this facility is just one of dozens more like this...
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How much aerial firepower required to deal with all those ECMs in this single ammunition dump near Ambala? PAF always required heavy bombers with powerful long range A2G weapons (ideally with Penetrator warheads). Look at Israel. A tiny state and still operating more than 160 F-15s. Why? Because it is not about the size of Israel but the size of its adversaries. All Arab nations. How Pakistan's situation is different? We are also upagainst an adversary that has massive land advantage. Only way to overcome this is to have something that can provide both range and firepower. Lastly, for those who still have doubts, think why China is developing H-20 despite having various types of Flankers, J-20, and J-10Cs. It's never about your size or ambitions ... it is always about the capability of your adversary which must dictate your war prepardness.
Thanks for reading.