Before Iran launches True Promise III, we really need to find reliable answers to these questions:
Which countries helped Israel get close to our air space?
We know that Jordan did it. We know that Iraq didn't do anything. There is some evidence suggesting that Azerbaijan helped Israel in this attack. The US is said to have provided Israel with an air corridor. If the US jet fighters escorted Israeli fighters, where did they take off from? Al-Udaida in Qatar? Both Azerbaijan and Qatar have super amicable ties with Erdogan. So, it seems that Turkey might be indirectly involved as well.
What can Iran do to limit the effects of a similar attack in future?
Without a reliable Air Force, not much. Khamenei has long been against strengthening the Air Force. Iran has mountainous terrain which makes it perfect for cruise missiles to evade radars. Our only AWACS was an Ilyushin-76 airplane that crashed years ago. If this ping-pong continues, our OTH sites will definitely be targeted next, rendering us blind against cruise missile attacks.
Also, Iran is a large country and Israel has proven times and times again that it can launch quadcopters against critical facilities in Iran by assembling them inside Iran. Other than that, our eastern border and central parts of Iran have terrible radar coverage since the Shah era and the US can help Israel launch larger drones deep into our territory.
How long can this ping-pong continue until one side gives up?
If things remain as they are, IDF having a superior air force will most likely come out victorious in this ping-pong fight, particularly if they focus on our energy infrastructure in Khuzestan instead of trying to attack deep into Iranian territory. Iran, on the other hand, at some point will run out of MRBMs and if IDF continues to target Iranian missile production sites, we won't be able to restore our stocks at a sustainable rate.
Will Iranian allies/proxies participate in the war?
If Iranian allies like Syria, Iraqi groups, Hezbollah and Houthis of Yemen do not directly get involved in the war, the situation will be really bad for Iran. Hezbollah and Syria need to keep the IDF busy on the ground (launch an invasion of Israel) and Houthis of Yemen need to enforce a blockade on Israeli trade. And this has to be meaningful. Not just token attacks without tactical or strategic value.
So, Iran doesn't seem ready for this war. Everyone agrees that economically, Iran is not ready for this war. But even from a military point of view, Iran is not ready yet. And if I were an Iranian decision maker, I wouldn't rely on Russia or China delivering game-changing weapons to Iran.