Rare footage of combat work of the Russian ZRPK 2K22M Tunguska-M and ZRPK 2K22M1 Tunguska-M1, as it turned out, this air defense is still actively used, but it is shown very rarely. The anti-aircraft gun and missile system 2K22 Tunguska or 2S6, was adopted by the USSR in 1982, it replaced the ZSU-23-4 Shilka air defense. Currently, the 2K22 Tunguska air defense system is used by eight countries, and the Ukrainian army also uses it. Russia has 250 Tunguska-M air defense systems of different versions, some of them are not in the best condition.
The developer of the Tunguska-M1 air defense system is the State Unitary Enterprise Instrument Design Bureau, and the Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant is engaged in its production. The development of the 2K22 Tunguska air defense system was difficult, since the Osa-AK short-range air defense system appeared in the USSR in 1975. In some respects, the Osa-AK was better than the Tunguska air defense system, but the reaction time to some targets was better for the Tunguska air defense system. The Tunguska air defense system is designed to destroy air and ground targets, and it cannot shoot down some small drones and FPV, but there are exceptions. In 1990, the 2K22M Tunguska-M system was adopted for service. In 2003, it was upgraded to the 2K22M1 Tunguska-M1 level.
The Tunguska-M1 air defense missile and gun system is mounted on a GM-5975 or GM-352 tracked chassis. The system can be distinguished by its oval-shaped radar. The Tunguska-M1 air defense system is up to 1.5 times more effective than the previous version of the Tunguska-M system. The Tunguska-M1 modification features a fully automated process of missile targeting and information exchange with the battery command post, as well as other improvements. The Tunguska-M1 is equipped with a 1RL144 target detection radar and a target tracking radar, an optical sight, a digital computing system, and navigation equipment. The radar can detect targets at a distance of up to 18 km and track them from 16 km.
The system includes equipment for receiving and implementing external automated target designation. The 2S6M1 Tunguska-M1 combat vehicle is equipped with two 30-mm 2A38 automatic cannons, which are also installed on the Pantsir-S air defense missile system. The range of destruction of air targets is up to 3,000 meters at altitude and up to 4,000 meters at range. The Tunguska-M1 air defense missile system's missile armament consists of 8 9M311-M1 missiles. The 9M311-M1 missile has radio command guidance with an optical communication line. The missile can destroy targets moving at speeds of up to 500 m/s. The missile has a radar fuse with a response radius of up to 5 meters, and the warhead of the missile weighs 9 kg. The range of destruction of air targets by 9M311-M1 missiles is up to 10 km, and up to 3.5 km at altitude. The Tunguska-M1 air defense system weighs about 34 tons, has a speed of up to 60 km/h and is serviced by 4 operators. The estimated export price of the 2K22M1 Tunguska-M1 system is $7 million for a battery of 6 units, with support vehicles.
