China's Submarine thread

[ety]

Thanks for sharing this.

I have read many of the reports, and from them, in theory, china is able to have up to 20 boats in some stage of construction at one single time, even if it takes 3-4 years to build a boat and put it through its paces in sea trials, building at least 5 subs a year is possible.

My question was really about the will. Does the CCP have the will to devote probably $10-15 billion a year for 10 years to build up a fleet approaching comparable to the USN.

This talk coming out of China, while not ramping up Virginia Block 5 construction, in this administration, will probably mean the US will go to 2.5-3 Virginia Block 5 production a year before the end of the decade, with what Trump is likely to do.

I think this has more to do with PLAN procurement and subs management later, that is do they want to build and commission such large number of nuke subs at one time or more evenly spread out the work over a number of years ?

 

[FuturePAF]

I think this has more to do with PLAN procurement management, that is do they want to build and commission such large number of nuke subs at one time or more evenly spread out the work over a number of years ?

I understand that predicament. But at some point if they are too even rival the US, at least in the first and second island chains, they will need more than comparable number of total subs (SSK and SSN/SSBN) their combined adversaries. China is the challenging power, and will need a larger force to make a sustainable breakout under threat of superior tech.

Even if they stick to 3 boats a year, as they are currently doing, the US could just ramp up production. A minimum of 4 boats a year would be necessary to even reach somewhat close to parity by 2040.

By then, they would need to slow down to get ready for the next class of subs.

Effectively 4 boats a year, to build up to 12 SSBN and 48 SSNs by 2040 would leave room for delays and design improvements along the way, and eventually being able to produce the Type 097/098 in the 2040s.

 

[ety]

I understand that predicament. But at some point if they are too even rival the US, at least in the first and second island chains, they will need more than comparable number of total subs (SSK and SSN/SSBN) their combined adversaries. China is the challenging power, and will need a larger force to make a sustainable breakout under threat of superior tech.

The tech gap may not be that significant now esp for sub operations close to nearby seas.

 

[FuturePAF]

The tech gap may not be that significant now esp for sub operations close to nearby seas.

You can’t expect it to remain in near seas. If push comes to shove China will have to defend its SLOCs. That had to be taken into account, when it gets to this level of conflict.

Remember the US is the most expert fighting force in the world, honed in battle.

 

[ety]

You can’t expect it to remain in near seas. If push comes to shove China will have to defend its SLOCs. That had to be taken into account, when it gets to this level of conflict.

Remember the US is the most expert fighting force in the world, honed in battle.

I think type 095 and 096 subs tech have pretty much caught up with US.

 

[last-soul]

China's nuclear sub fleet will surpass the US within 10 years.

Numbers alone are nothing. What China needs to ensure is that their TECHNOLOGY is NOT compromised. Weed out the sell outs! The zionists are masters in spying - as long as Chinese (or any other country for that matters) critical infrastructure is secure then it's game over for thr West...otherwise no quantity edge is going to win you wars.

 

[FuturePAF]

I think type 095 and 096 subs tech have pretty much caught up with US.

I am not sure about the reactor tech, we haven’t seen a Chinese reactor in the 200 mw class on a sub before, so it’s likely there will be teething pains (unless it’s Russian ToT and advising on all their lessons learned). Also I doubt the sonar tech is as good. Even the spherical array on the early Virginias are behind the large aperture arrays that curve around in a horseshoe design coupled with the 360’ sonar underneath to cover short distance 360’ detection. The Mk.48 ADCAP is also a very modern design, and very much refined. Hard if not impossible to decoy with assumed current Chinese tech. Comms, EW, cyber security, all areas where China almost certainly lags to one degree or another.

These is also the experience of the crew. The US has generations of submariners and expertise in using submarines in war time.

All this will take time to catch up, and to speed that up you need lots of boats to gain enough experienced submariners.

 

[ety]

I am not sure about the reactor tech, we haven’t seen a Chinese reactor in the 200 mw class on a sub before, so it’s likely there will be teething pains (unless it’s Russian ToT and advising on all their lessons learned). Also I doubt the sonar tech is as good. Even the spherical array on the early Virginias are behind the large aperture arrays that curve around in a horseshoe design coupled with the 360’ sonar underneath to cover short distance 360’ detection. The Mk.48 ADCAP is also a very modern design, and very much refined. Hard if not impossible to decoy with assumed current Chinese tech. Comms, EW, cyber security, all areas where China almost certainly lags to one degree or another.

These is also the experience of the crew. The US has generations of submariners and expertise in using submarines in war time.

All this will take time to catch up, and to speed that up you need lots of boats to gain enough experienced submariners.

095 performance exposed! A careful comparison shows that it is a bit bullying to the United States!​

First of all, it should be pointed out that comparing the Virginia-class Type 4 and the 095 is not absolutely fair. In fact, the Virginia-class is a scaled-down version of the Seawolf-class.

The Seawolf class was created during the peak of the Cold War, which was also the period when the comprehensive technical strength of superpowers was the strongest. In order to engage in close underwater combat with the Soviet Navy's top strategic missile boats and attack nuclear submarines, another powerful underwater force, it was a pinnacle work that met the highest requirements in all aspects.

Whether it was the boat itself or the weapons it carried, all indicators were the highest. However, after the Sea Wolf class was put into construction, the Soviet Union collapsed. Almost 100% of the Soviet Union's underwater killer weapons were self-destructed, and eventually became a pile of scrap metal under the wind and sun at the dock. The carefully built Sea Wolf instantly lost its opponent, and only 3 ships were actually produced.



Due to the low production volume, all R&D costs have to be spread out, resulting in a comprehensive cost of nearly $3 billion per ship, a price that the US military cannot afford. In the eyes of the US Navy, it seems that there will be no underwater opponents for the next 100 years, so it is sufficient to produce a scaled-down version of the Virginia-class.

Comparing the overall performance of 095 with a half-reduced version is a bit unfair. The comparison object of 095 should be the Seawolf class, but the Seawolf has been launched for 25 years. If a nuclear submarine is launched for more than 20 years, its performance will be reduced by half; if it is launched for more than 25 years, it will be an old submarine with little actual combat readiness; if it is in service for 35 years, 90% of nuclear submarines will be retired due to aging or no longer go to sea, and will only be used as teaching boats on the dock to train reserve crew members.



Therefore, if 095 were to directly compete with Sea Wolf now, it would be suspected of bullying an older opponent. In underwater combat, the probability of encountering each other is the highest, and the most active combat boats on duty on both sides will fight against each other. Therefore, the most likely opponent for 095 is the four Virginia-class models that were born at a similar time and have similar production scales.

If we really discuss underwater combat capability, the Virginia IV is actually not as good as the Virginia III series that comes before it.



In order to emphasize underwater manned special warfare and continuous anti-land firepower attacks, the Virginia-class Type 4 has an extended payload module VPM inserted in the middle section of the hull, which can carry 40 vertical launch land-attack cruise missiles to fill the land attack firepower gap caused by the retirement of the Ohio-class SSGNs, each equipped with 154 vertical launch tubes.

Because the design of the added middle section is cumbersome, I think the underwater comprehensive capability of Type 4 is actually a step backward compared to Type 3. After all, what is the main mission of an attack nuclear submarine, land or sea? There must be a trade-off, otherwise everything will be sparse.

The Virginia-4 is back on the old path of trying to do everything. Originally, land-attack cruise missiles were the reserved program of the US military's huge surface Aegis fleet, but the various branches of the US military wanted to do everything themselves. This bad habit also affected the relationship between the US underwater forces and the surface fleet. Instead, the Virginia-4 class does not have the Seawolf's full-time sea attack, especially the pursuit of excellence in underwater operations. No matter what problems the US Navy's own combat thinking has, it will eventually have to PK.



The first thing to compare is tonnage. The volume itself determines many things.

As a scaled-down version, the Virginia class has an underwater displacement of only 7,800 to 7,925 tons for the first 1 to 3 types. That is, a nuclear submarine with a displacement of less than 8,000 tons. The 4th type has an additional intermediate module, and analysis shows that the increased displacement tonnage will not exceed 800 tons. Therefore, the actual underwater displacement of the Virginia class 4th type should be between 8,500 and 8,800 tons. No submarine has a standard displacement or full load displacement like a surface ship.

Submarines only have two indicators: surface displacement and underwater displacement. When a submarine is underwater, any displacement volume has been fully utilized, so the underwater displacement is the maximum tonnage indicator of the submarine. The first three Virginia-class submarines with an underwater displacement of less than 8,000 tons are indeed not large. It should be noted that the underwater displacement of Soviet-era attack nuclear submarines, especially the later models, has generally exceeded 9,000 tons or even more than 10,000 tons.

The Seawolf class also started at 9,142 tons, and by the third ship, the Carter, it was enlarged to 12,139 tons. After the improvement of the 093, it is very likely that it has been enlarged to more than 8,000 tons.

Even so, there is a rare bulge in the hull behind the hull.



Now many perspectives can prove that this strange bulge is most likely not a cruise missile launch module. Most experts believe that this is an early test of the advanced power pack. The pressure hull of the old design is not large enough and is forced to bulge. When the target boat with this advanced power pack is finally adopted, the tonnage will most likely be increased.

Therefore, it can be inferred that the underwater displacement of 095 is likely to start from 9,000 tons like Seawolf, and it is very likely to exceed 10,000 tons. This first indicator has surpassed the Virginia-class Type 4.



Second, it is the maximum diving depth index and the maximum working index.

The maximum diving depth index is the maximum depth at which a nuclear submarine can not be damaged by water pressure, while the maximum working index is the maximum depth at which a nuclear submarine can launch a torpedo in deep water. The maximum diving depth index of the four Virginia-class models is between 400 meters and 480 meters, and the maximum limit index does not exceed 500 meters.

The Type 4 has more cruise missiles and needs more pressure-bearing active shells, so it is very likely that the maximum diving depth will be lower than that of the Type 3. It is estimated that its maximum diving depth will not exceed 450 meters; the maximum depth of launching torpedoes is 244 meters. The 095 uses an ultra-high strength pressure hull. It is believed that the maximum diving depth is at least the same as the Sea Wolf class's 610 meters, and it may even move towards the extreme diving depth of more than X00 meters, which is also the traditional advantage of Soviet-era attack nuclear submarines.

The maximum diving depth of a torpedo attack launched from a pressure hull is about 240 meters for nuclear submarines around the world. If a new technology of carrying and launching from outside a pressure hull is adopted, the actual combat depth will be greatly increased.

Third, the maximum underwater speed index of power and silence

The Virginia class uses a unified power system, 1 S9G pressurized water reactor; 2 steam turbine main engines, shaft power of 40,000 horsepower; 1 auxiliary emergency propulsion motor, driving a single shaft and single propeller, pump-jet propulsion. The 095 has made a huge breakthrough in this regard. The normal shaft power provided by the new pressurized water reactor should be at least 60,000 horsepower.

In fact, 095 no longer has the traditional large shaft, and is completely powered by a fully electric permanent magnetic pump. The use of supercapacitors can accelerate to an astonishingly high underwater speed in a short period of time, which is completely beyond the reach of the Virginia-class 4 type underwater maximum of 34 knots.

In terms of submarine integrated electric power, the party has reached a level that other competitors cannot catch up with. In terms of silent speed, the Virginia 4 type is about the highest speed of 17 knots, and the advanced propulsion system of the 095 can only be higher.

Fourth, in terms of armament, the Virginia-class Type 4 only has four torpedo tubes.

Carrying no more than 20 MK48 ADCAP Mod5/6/7 wire-guided torpedoes, with a maximum strike depth of 900 meters, active and passive guidance, a range of 38 kilometers to 50 kilometers, and a maximum speed of 55 knots. The Virginia 4 is mainly used as a launcher for land attack missiles, with a strike range of 2,000 kilometers. It can only carry a small number of subsonic Harpoon long-range anti-ship missiles. The strike range does not exceed 300 kilometers.

All submarine-launched Tomahawks and Harpoons can only be launched vertically from the water within 30 meters of the water surface, while the maximum speed of the main battle torpedo of the 095 can be close to X0 knots. More importantly, the 095 can carry anti-ship and land attack dual-speed submarine-launched missiles, which can be launched from less than 150 meters. After launching from deep water, the position of the boat will not be exposed at all. This missile can be comprehensively guided to strike surface ships within a radius of 1,500 kilometers and fixed land targets within 2,500 kilometers.

Only one 095 is needed to control a large area of sea within the second island chain.

Fifth, the Virginia class is equipped with the AN/BQQ-10 integrated sonar system.

These include the bow spherical active and passive BQQ-10 integrated sonar, three BQG-5A WAA wide-aperture passive ranging sonars on each side, the CHIN high-frequency active sonar equipped on the front of the conning tower and under the bow, one TB16 and one TB29 towed sonar, and a WLY-1 reconnaissance sonar.

Since the tonnage of the 095 may be larger, it is likely to be equipped with active sonar transducers and towed sonar arrays with larger diameters and tonnages. One party has the most accurate electronic charts in the world, which is also considered to be a key factor in active underwater attacks in the past. The strongest electronic charts are key factors in deterring the opponent's aircraft carrier formation at close range and fooling the Los Angeles-class nuclear submarines.

In addition, the new communication system can completely change the old problem that underwater submarines are all isolated islands of information. A total of 10 Virginia 4s were ordered. Currently, 18 Virginia-class ships are in service. The modules of 095 are said to have filled the entire factory area. It is not surprising that the old and new factories can roll off the production line at the same time. After 10 shields a year PK the highest record of 6 shields a year created by the superpower that year, the launch speed of SSN can also break the historical record of 4 ships launched by the superpower in a year.

095性能曝光！仔细一对比，竟然有点欺负美国了！

首先要说明，用弗吉尼亚级4型和洞九五对比，不算绝对公平，实际上弗吉尼亚级是海狼级的缩水版。海狼级才是冷战高峰年代，也是超级大国综合技术实力最强大的时期，为了和另

k-sina-cn.translate.goog

 

[ety]

I am not sure about the reactor tech, we haven’t seen a Chinese reactor in the 200 mw class on a sub before, so it’s likely there will be teething pains (unless it’s Russian ToT and advising on all their lessons learned). Also I doubt the sonar tech is as good. Even the spherical array on the early Virginias are behind the large aperture arrays that curve around in a horseshoe design coupled with the 360’ sonar underneath to cover short distance 360’ detection. The Mk.48 ADCAP is also a very modern design, and very much refined. Hard if not impossible to decoy with assumed current Chinese tech. Comms, EW, cyber security, all areas where China almost certainly lags to one degree or another.

These is also the experience of the crew. The US has generations of submariners and expertise in using submarines in war time.

All this will take time to catch up, and to speed that up you need lots of boats to gain enough experienced submariners.

What are the advantages of the 095 nuclear submarine compared to similar types of submarines in the United States and Russia?​

2020-04-30 Published by Lundao Jinzhao in Military

The Global Times reported on April 18 that US media published expert articles speculating on China's Type 095 nuclear submarine; CCTV News' military channel also reported that the China Military Network confirmed that the Type 095 nuclear submarine was officially put into service in 2017.


The picture above shows a picture of the 095 nuclear submarine hoisting missiles

The Type 095 nuclear submarine is China's third-generation attack nuclear submarine and the latest type of nuclear submarine. What are the advantages of comparing the latest US "Virginia" class and Russia's "Yasen" class attack nuclear submarines?



The picture above is a comparison of the Type 095 and the Virginia class. It can be clearly seen that the Type 095 has a water drop cylindrical hull; while the "Virginia" class has a relatively pointed bow, and the water drop shape is gradually reduced from the hull back. . The Type 095 shell is covered with a bionic anechoic tile skin and then coated with an absorbing coating. The surface looks like a leather skin; while the "Virginia" grade sprays anti-rust paint and absorbing paint directly on the surface of the steel shell. , it looks like the coating is very thin. The Type 095 uses an X-shaped tail rudder and shaftless pump-jet propulsion; while the "Virginia" class uses a cross-shaped tail rudder and has a shaft-pump jet propulsion.



There is an isolation cabin on the back of the Type 095, which can facilitate emergency rescue and transportation of special operations personnel; while the submarine on the back of the "Virginia" class is needed to transport special operations personnel to their destination for reconnaissance, infiltration, destruction and other tasks. The two rows of small columns spaced apart on the back of the Type 095 are the external transceiver antennas of the deep-sea information communication system. This is China's original equipment and is not available on the "Virginia" class. The balance rudders of both submarines are installed on the hull.

The above group of pictures are 095 pictures speculated by foreign media.

As can be seen from the first picture in this article, there are 4 rows of 4-unit vertical launch systems in front of the Type 095 nuclear submarine enclosure, that is, 16 vertical launch tubes. In the distance from the enclosure to the bow, in addition to torpedo launch tubes, 16 vertical launch tubes can be installed. It is conceivable that at such a long distance behind the enclosure, at least the same number of vertical launch devices can be installed; in other words, 095 Type nuclear submarines have a minimum of 32 vertical launch units. Modular co-mounted launchers are China’s specialty. They have been used proficiently on the 052 series and 055 large-scale drives. It is not a problem to adapt them to the Type 095 nuclear submarine; that is to say, the vertical launcher of the Type 095 nuclear submarine can be loaded with various anti-aircraft missiles, Cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles have a variety of ammunition options and are very flexible to use. The "Virginia" class has only 12 "Tomahawk" cruise missile launchers, and the "Harpoon" anti-ship missile can only be launched from torpedo launchers, with pitifully little bomb capacity and selectivity.



According to the design concept of this firepower configuration, the torpedo launch tubes of the Type 095 nuclear submarine are definitely not 4, but should be 6. The universal torpedo launch tube can launch the Yu-8 smart rocket-boosted torpedo, the Yu-10 ultra-quiet high-speed torpedo, and the "Blizzard" replica ultra-high-speed torpedo. The "Virginia" class nuclear submarine only has four 533 torpedo launch tubes, which can launch MK-48, MK-60, MK-67 and other torpedoes. The speed is only 55 knots, and the latest improved design index is 70 knots. It is unknown whether it is in service. In terms of torpedoes, in terms of firepower and attack speed, the Type 095 torpedo is much stronger. The speed of the "Blizzard" replica torpedo alone can reach 200 knots, and there is also the fast and silent Fish 10.



Compare it to the Russian "Yasen" class attack nuclear submarine. Comparing the two submarines, it seems that the hull of the "Yasen" class is wider, while the "Yasen" class has an elliptical column drop-shaped hull; the outer shell is laid with block rubber sound-absorbing tiles, and the surface is not sprayed with absorbing paint. The gaps in the anechoic tiles are clear and the skin is not as soft and bright as the 095 type bionic anechoic tiles. The "Yasen" class uses a cross-shaped tail rudder and seven-blade propellers for propulsion; there are 24 vertical launch units on the back, which can launch "Caliber" cruise missiles, "Gem" anti-ship missiles, and "Zircon" hypersonic anti-ship missiles; the boat There are 6 torpedo launch tubes on the bow, which can launch 533mm wire-guided torpedoes and "Buran" rocket-boosted torpedoes.

The picture above shows the exhibition model of the "Yasen" class nuclear submarine

The "Yasen" class nuclear submarines have very powerful firepower, and they carry "Zircon" hypersonic anti-ship missiles and "Buran" torpedoes that cannot be intercepted or evaded by any ship in the world today. However, it has now been surpassed by the Type 095.



According to the comparison of pictures, the length of the Type 095 nuclear submarine should be a little shorter than the "Virginia" class and a little longer than the "Yasen" class, about 112 to 113 meters; the width of the submarine should be a little larger than the "Virginia" class and wider than the "Yasen" "The grade is smaller, about 12 meters; the underwater displacement is about 9,000 to 11,000 tons, and the single shell [considering that China's 35Si2Mn2MoVA super steel has reached a yield strength of 1,600 MPa a long time ago (not the 2,200 MPa announced in 2018 Super alloy steel), because the pressure-resistant shell manufacturing process was not up to standard before, but since Jiaolong, pressure-resistant shell manufacturing is no longer a problem. ]; Due to the use of bionic skin, the underwater resistance is greatly reduced, and the speed should be faster than the "Virginia" class and "Yasen" class, with the maximum underwater speed reaching at least 35 knots; the silent performance is due to the use of shaftless pumps to propel and Bionic anechoic tile skin + absorbing paint filling and covering, the mute index is less than 90 decibels, far lower than the 95 decibels of the "Virginia" class and the "Yasen" class; the maximum depth should be equivalent to the "Yasen" class, far Far beyond the "Virginia" level, about 600 meters.



Weapons and equipment: Changjian 100 supersonic cruise missile, "Xingkong 2" (name of the institute) hypersonic cruise missile, YJ18 sub-super combined anti-ship missile, YJ21 supersonic + hypersonic anti-ship missile, DF17 (modified version) superb Sonic anti-ship missiles, HQ16 medium-range air defense missiles, Yu-8 smart rocket-boosted torpedoes, Yu-10 ultra-quiet high-speed torpedoes, "Blizzard" replica ultra-high-speed torpedoes, anti-submarine missiles, deep-sea bombs, etc. are available in a variety of options.

The more prominent innovations of the Type 095 nuclear submarine include: shaftless pump propulsion, emergency rescue isolation cabin, bionic anechoic tile skin, deep-sea information communication, and high degree of information automation.

The Type 095 nuclear submarine far exceeds the Russian "Yasen" class in terms of firepower. Whether it is strike speed, strike range, strike style, bomb load or air defense self-defense capabilities, the "Yasen" class is far behind. Neither the "Yasen" class nor the "Virginia" class is capable of carrying air defense missiles because they do not have modules. Therefore, based on various factors, it can be concluded that the Type 095 nuclear submarine is the most powerful attack nuclear submarine in the world today.

095核潜艇对比美俄同类型潜艇有何优势？

环球时报4月18日报道，美媒发表专家文章，对中国095核潜艇进行猜测；央视新闻的军事频道也报道过，中国军网证实095核潜艇于2017年正式服役。

kknews-cc.translate.goog

 

[FuturePAF]

095 performance exposed! A careful comparison shows that it is a bit bullying to the United States!​

First of all, it should be pointed out that comparing the Virginia-class Type 4 and the 095 is not absolutely fair. In fact, the Virginia-class is a scaled-down version of the Seawolf-class.

The Seawolf class was created during the peak of the Cold War, which was also the period when the comprehensive technical strength of superpowers was the strongest. In order to engage in close underwater combat with the Soviet Navy's top strategic missile boats and attack nuclear submarines, another powerful underwater force, it was a pinnacle work that met the highest requirements in all aspects.

Whether it was the boat itself or the weapons it carried, all indicators were the highest. However, after the Sea Wolf class was put into construction, the Soviet Union collapsed. Almost 100% of the Soviet Union's underwater killer weapons were self-destructed, and eventually became a pile of scrap metal under the wind and sun at the dock. The carefully built Sea Wolf instantly lost its opponent, and only 3 ships were actually produced.

View attachment 49933

Due to the low production volume, all R&D costs have to be spread out, resulting in a comprehensive cost of nearly $3 billion per ship, a price that the US military cannot afford. In the eyes of the US Navy, it seems that there will be no underwater opponents for the next 100 years, so it is sufficient to produce a scaled-down version of the Virginia-class.

Comparing the overall performance of 095 with a half-reduced version is a bit unfair. The comparison object of 095 should be the Seawolf class, but the Seawolf has been launched for 25 years. If a nuclear submarine is launched for more than 20 years, its performance will be reduced by half; if it is launched for more than 25 years, it will be an old submarine with little actual combat readiness; if it is in service for 35 years, 90% of nuclear submarines will be retired due to aging or no longer go to sea, and will only be used as teaching boats on the dock to train reserve crew members.

View attachment 49934

Therefore, if 095 were to directly compete with Sea Wolf now, it would be suspected of bullying an older opponent. In underwater combat, the probability of encountering each other is the highest, and the most active combat boats on duty on both sides will fight against each other. Therefore, the most likely opponent for 095 is the four Virginia-class models that were born at a similar time and have similar production scales.

If we really discuss underwater combat capability, the Virginia IV is actually not as good as the Virginia III series that comes before it.

View attachment 49935

In order to emphasize underwater manned special warfare and continuous anti-land firepower attacks, the Virginia-class Type 4 has an extended payload module VPM inserted in the middle section of the hull, which can carry 40 vertical launch land-attack cruise missiles to fill the land attack firepower gap caused by the retirement of the Ohio-class SSGNs, each equipped with 154 vertical launch tubes.

Because the design of the added middle section is cumbersome, I think the underwater comprehensive capability of Type 4 is actually a step backward compared to Type 3. After all, what is the main mission of an attack nuclear submarine, land or sea? There must be a trade-off, otherwise everything will be sparse.

The Virginia-4 is back on the old path of trying to do everything. Originally, land-attack cruise missiles were the reserved program of the US military's huge surface Aegis fleet, but the various branches of the US military wanted to do everything themselves. This bad habit also affected the relationship between the US underwater forces and the surface fleet. Instead, the Virginia-4 class does not have the Seawolf's full-time sea attack, especially the pursuit of excellence in underwater operations. No matter what problems the US Navy's own combat thinking has, it will eventually have to PK.

View attachment 49936

The first thing to compare is tonnage. The volume itself determines many things.

As a scaled-down version, the Virginia class has an underwater displacement of only 7,800 to 7,925 tons for the first 1 to 3 types. That is, a nuclear submarine with a displacement of less than 8,000 tons. The 4th type has an additional intermediate module, and analysis shows that the increased displacement tonnage will not exceed 800 tons. Therefore, the actual underwater displacement of the Virginia class 4th type should be between 8,500 and 8,800 tons. No submarine has a standard displacement or full load displacement like a surface ship.

Submarines only have two indicators: surface displacement and underwater displacement. When a submarine is underwater, any displacement volume has been fully utilized, so the underwater displacement is the maximum tonnage indicator of the submarine. The first three Virginia-class submarines with an underwater displacement of less than 8,000 tons are indeed not large. It should be noted that the underwater displacement of Soviet-era attack nuclear submarines, especially the later models, has generally exceeded 9,000 tons or even more than 10,000 tons.

The Seawolf class also started at 9,142 tons, and by the third ship, the Carter, it was enlarged to 12,139 tons. After the improvement of the 093, it is very likely that it has been enlarged to more than 8,000 tons.

Even so, there is a rare bulge in the hull behind the hull.

View attachment 49937

Now many perspectives can prove that this strange bulge is most likely not a cruise missile launch module. Most experts believe that this is an early test of the advanced power pack. The pressure hull of the old design is not large enough and is forced to bulge. When the target boat with this advanced power pack is finally adopted, the tonnage will most likely be increased.

Therefore, it can be inferred that the underwater displacement of 095 is likely to start from 9,000 tons like Seawolf, and it is very likely to exceed 10,000 tons. This first indicator has surpassed the Virginia-class Type 4.

View attachment 49938

Second, it is the maximum diving depth index and the maximum working index.

The maximum diving depth index is the maximum depth at which a nuclear submarine can not be damaged by water pressure, while the maximum working index is the maximum depth at which a nuclear submarine can launch a torpedo in deep water. The maximum diving depth index of the four Virginia-class models is between 400 meters and 480 meters, and the maximum limit index does not exceed 500 meters.

The Type 4 has more cruise missiles and needs more pressure-bearing active shells, so it is very likely that the maximum diving depth will be lower than that of the Type 3. It is estimated that its maximum diving depth will not exceed 450 meters; the maximum depth of launching torpedoes is 244 meters. The 095 uses an ultra-high strength pressure hull. It is believed that the maximum diving depth is at least the same as the Sea Wolf class's 610 meters, and it may even move towards the extreme diving depth of more than X00 meters, which is also the traditional advantage of Soviet-era attack nuclear submarines.

The maximum diving depth of a torpedo attack launched from a pressure hull is about 240 meters for nuclear submarines around the world. If a new technology of carrying and launching from outside a pressure hull is adopted, the actual combat depth will be greatly increased.

Third, the maximum underwater speed index of power and silence

The Virginia class uses a unified power system, 1 S9G pressurized water reactor; 2 steam turbine main engines, shaft power of 40,000 horsepower; 1 auxiliary emergency propulsion motor, driving a single shaft and single propeller, pump-jet propulsion. The 095 has made a huge breakthrough in this regard. The normal shaft power provided by the new pressurized water reactor should be at least 60,000 horsepower.

In fact, 095 no longer has the traditional large shaft, and is completely powered by a fully electric permanent magnetic pump. The use of supercapacitors can accelerate to an astonishingly high underwater speed in a short period of time, which is completely beyond the reach of the Virginia-class 4 type underwater maximum of 34 knots.

In terms of submarine integrated electric power, the party has reached a level that other competitors cannot catch up with. In terms of silent speed, the Virginia 4 type is about the highest speed of 17 knots, and the advanced propulsion system of the 095 can only be higher.

Fourth, in terms of armament, the Virginia-class Type 4 only has four torpedo tubes.

Carrying no more than 20 MK48 ADCAP Mod5/6/7 wire-guided torpedoes, with a maximum strike depth of 900 meters, active and passive guidance, a range of 38 kilometers to 50 kilometers, and a maximum speed of 55 knots. The Virginia 4 is mainly used as a launcher for land attack missiles, with a strike range of 2,000 kilometers. It can only carry a small number of subsonic Harpoon long-range anti-ship missiles. The strike range does not exceed 300 kilometers.

All submarine-launched Tomahawks and Harpoons can only be launched vertically from the water within 30 meters of the water surface, while the maximum speed of the main battle torpedo of the 095 can be close to X0 knots. More importantly, the 095 can carry anti-ship and land attack dual-speed submarine-launched missiles, which can be launched from less than 150 meters. After launching from deep water, the position of the boat will not be exposed at all. This missile can be comprehensively guided to strike surface ships within a radius of 1,500 kilometers and fixed land targets within 2,500 kilometers.

Only one 095 is needed to control a large area of sea within the second island chain.

Fifth, the Virginia class is equipped with the AN/BQQ-10 integrated sonar system.

These include the bow spherical active and passive BQQ-10 integrated sonar, three BQG-5A WAA wide-aperture passive ranging sonars on each side, the CHIN high-frequency active sonar equipped on the front of the conning tower and under the bow, one TB16 and one TB29 towed sonar, and a WLY-1 reconnaissance sonar.

Since the tonnage of the 095 may be larger, it is likely to be equipped with active sonar transducers and towed sonar arrays with larger diameters and tonnages. One party has the most accurate electronic charts in the world, which is also considered to be a key factor in active underwater attacks in the past. The strongest electronic charts are key factors in deterring the opponent's aircraft carrier formation at close range and fooling the Los Angeles-class nuclear submarines.

In addition, the new communication system can completely change the old problem that underwater submarines are all isolated islands of information. A total of 10 Virginia 4s were ordered. Currently, 18 Virginia-class ships are in service. The modules of 095 are said to have filled the entire factory area. It is not surprising that the old and new factories can roll off the production line at the same time. After 10 shields a year PK the highest record of 6 shields a year created by the superpower that year, the launch speed of SSN can also break the historical record of 4 ships launched by the superpower in a year.

095性能曝光！仔细一对比，竟然有点欺负美国了！

首先要说明，用弗吉尼亚级4型和洞九五对比，不算绝对公平，实际上弗吉尼亚级是海狼级的缩水版。海狼级才是冷战高峰年代，也是超级大国综合技术实力最强大的时期，为了和另

k-sina-cn.translate.goog

Many interesting perspectives given in this piece, and frankly there were a few weird assumptions I noticed, IMHO, but overall hints at a very focus strategy on the part of the PLAN thinkers; focus on the primary missions, don’t try to do everything.

One point, the harpoon won’t be used much longer and the NSM is expected to be the main anti-ship cruise missile of the USN, including on submarines.

 

[FuturePAF]

What are the advantages of the 095 nuclear submarine compared to similar types of submarines in the United States and Russia?​

2020-04-30 Published by Lundao Jinzhao in Military

The Global Times reported on April 18 that US media published expert articles speculating on China's Type 095 nuclear submarine; CCTV News' military channel also reported that the China Military Network confirmed that the Type 095 nuclear submarine was officially put into service in 2017.

View attachment 49948
The picture above shows a picture of the 095 nuclear submarine hoisting missiles

The Type 095 nuclear submarine is China's third-generation attack nuclear submarine and the latest type of nuclear submarine. What are the advantages of comparing the latest US "Virginia" class and Russia's "Yasen" class attack nuclear submarines?

View attachment 49949

The picture above is a comparison of the Type 095 and the Virginia class. It can be clearly seen that the Type 095 has a water drop cylindrical hull; while the "Virginia" class has a relatively pointed bow, and the water drop shape is gradually reduced from the hull back. . The Type 095 shell is covered with a bionic anechoic tile skin and then coated with an absorbing coating. The surface looks like a leather skin; while the "Virginia" grade sprays anti-rust paint and absorbing paint directly on the surface of the steel shell. , it looks like the coating is very thin. The Type 095 uses an X-shaped tail rudder and shaftless pump-jet propulsion; while the "Virginia" class uses a cross-shaped tail rudder and has a shaft-pump jet propulsion.

View attachment 49950

There is an isolation cabin on the back of the Type 095, which can facilitate emergency rescue and transportation of special operations personnel; while the submarine on the back of the "Virginia" class is needed to transport special operations personnel to their destination for reconnaissance, infiltration, destruction and other tasks. The two rows of small columns spaced apart on the back of the Type 095 are the external transceiver antennas of the deep-sea information communication system. This is China's original equipment and is not available on the "Virginia" class. The balance rudders of both submarines are installed on the hull.

View attachment 49951 The above group of pictures are 095 pictures speculated by foreign media.

As can be seen from the first picture in this article, there are 4 rows of 4-unit vertical launch systems in front of the Type 095 nuclear submarine enclosure, that is, 16 vertical launch tubes. In the distance from the enclosure to the bow, in addition to torpedo launch tubes, 16 vertical launch tubes can be installed. It is conceivable that at such a long distance behind the enclosure, at least the same number of vertical launch devices can be installed; in other words, 095 Type nuclear submarines have a minimum of 32 vertical launch units. Modular co-mounted launchers are China’s specialty. They have been used proficiently on the 052 series and 055 large-scale drives. It is not a problem to adapt them to the Type 095 nuclear submarine; that is to say, the vertical launcher of the Type 095 nuclear submarine can be loaded with various anti-aircraft missiles, Cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles have a variety of ammunition options and are very flexible to use. The "Virginia" class has only 12 "Tomahawk" cruise missile launchers, and the "Harpoon" anti-ship missile can only be launched from torpedo launchers, with pitifully little bomb capacity and selectivity.

View attachment 49953

According to the design concept of this firepower configuration, the torpedo launch tubes of the Type 095 nuclear submarine are definitely not 4, but should be 6. The universal torpedo launch tube can launch the Yu-8 smart rocket-boosted torpedo, the Yu-10 ultra-quiet high-speed torpedo, and the "Blizzard" replica ultra-high-speed torpedo. The "Virginia" class nuclear submarine only has four 533 torpedo launch tubes, which can launch MK-48, MK-60, MK-67 and other torpedoes. The speed is only 55 knots, and the latest improved design index is 70 knots. It is unknown whether it is in service. In terms of torpedoes, in terms of firepower and attack speed, the Type 095 torpedo is much stronger. The speed of the "Blizzard" replica torpedo alone can reach 200 knots, and there is also the fast and silent Fish 10.

View attachment 49954

Compare it to the Russian "Yasen" class attack nuclear submarine. Comparing the two submarines, it seems that the hull of the "Yasen" class is wider, while the "Yasen" class has an elliptical column drop-shaped hull; the outer shell is laid with block rubber sound-absorbing tiles, and the surface is not sprayed with absorbing paint. The gaps in the anechoic tiles are clear and the skin is not as soft and bright as the 095 type bionic anechoic tiles. The "Yasen" class uses a cross-shaped tail rudder and seven-blade propellers for propulsion; there are 24 vertical launch units on the back, which can launch "Caliber" cruise missiles, "Gem" anti-ship missiles, and "Zircon" hypersonic anti-ship missiles; the boat There are 6 torpedo launch tubes on the bow, which can launch 533mm wire-guided torpedoes and "Buran" rocket-boosted torpedoes.

The picture above shows the exhibition model of the "Yasen" class nuclear submarine

The "Yasen" class nuclear submarines have very powerful firepower, and they carry "Zircon" hypersonic anti-ship missiles and "Buran" torpedoes that cannot be intercepted or evaded by any ship in the world today. However, it has now been surpassed by the Type 095.



According to the comparison of pictures, the length of the Type 095 nuclear submarine should be a little shorter than the "Virginia" class and a little longer than the "Yasen" class, about 112 to 113 meters; the width of the submarine should be a little larger than the "Virginia" class and wider than the "Yasen" "The grade is smaller, about 12 meters; the underwater displacement is about 9,000 to 11,000 tons, and the single shell [considering that China's 35Si2Mn2MoVA super steel has reached a yield strength of 1,600 MPa a long time ago (not the 2,200 MPa announced in 2018 Super alloy steel), because the pressure-resistant shell manufacturing process was not up to standard before, but since Jiaolong, pressure-resistant shell manufacturing is no longer a problem. ]; Due to the use of bionic skin, the underwater resistance is greatly reduced, and the speed should be faster than the "Virginia" class and "Yasen" class, with the maximum underwater speed reaching at least 35 knots; the silent performance is due to the use of shaftless pumps to propel and Bionic anechoic tile skin + absorbing paint filling and covering, the mute index is less than 90 decibels, far lower than the 95 decibels of the "Virginia" class and the "Yasen" class; the maximum depth should be equivalent to the "Yasen" class, far Far beyond the "Virginia" level, about 600 meters.



Weapons and equipment: Changjian 100 supersonic cruise missile, "Xingkong 2" (name of the institute) hypersonic cruise missile, YJ18 sub-super combined anti-ship missile, YJ21 supersonic + hypersonic anti-ship missile, DF17 (modified version) superb Sonic anti-ship missiles, HQ16 medium-range air defense missiles, Yu-8 smart rocket-boosted torpedoes, Yu-10 ultra-quiet high-speed torpedoes, "Blizzard" replica ultra-high-speed torpedoes, anti-submarine missiles, deep-sea bombs, etc. are available in a variety of options.

The more prominent innovations of the Type 095 nuclear submarine include: shaftless pump propulsion, emergency rescue isolation cabin, bionic anechoic tile skin, deep-sea information communication, and high degree of information automation.

The Type 095 nuclear submarine far exceeds the Russian "Yasen" class in terms of firepower. Whether it is strike speed, strike range, strike style, bomb load or air defense self-defense capabilities, the "Yasen" class is far behind. Neither the "Yasen" class nor the "Virginia" class is capable of carrying air defense missiles because they do not have modules. Therefore, based on various factors, it can be concluded that the Type 095 nuclear submarine is the most powerful attack nuclear submarine in the world today.

095核潜艇对比美俄同类型潜艇有何优势？

环球时报4月18日报道，美媒发表专家文章，对中国095核潜艇进行猜测；央视新闻的军事频道也报道过，中国军网证实095核潜艇于2017年正式服役。

kknews-cc.translate.goog

Once again, many interesting claims. I guess only time will tell. If the Chinese subs are as capable as stated then this will come to light in a USN report to try and seek more funding for the more Virginia class subs per year.

I expect we might find out in this year or next year’s “China Power” reports to congress.

I hope they commission some artists to illustrate these reports, similar to the old “Soviet Military Power” reports by the DIA from the 80s. I have one, and it’s a great time capsule.

I want to see what the US imagine looks like inside the underground submarine base inside Hainan island at Yulin naval base, similar what was thought the Soviets were building.

 

[ety]

Once again, many interesting claims. I guess only time will tell. If the Chinese subs are as capable as stated then this will come to light in a USN report to try and seek more funding for the more Virginia class subs per year.

I expect we might find out in this year or next year’s “China Power” reports to congress.

I hope they commission some artists to illustrate these reports, similar to the old “Soviet Military Power” reports by the DIA from the 80s. I have one, and it’s a great time capsule.

I want to see what the US imagine looks like inside the underground submarine base inside Hainan island, similar what was thought the Soviets were building.

The problem is PLAN doesn't publicize the secrets of these highly sensitive latest nuke subs readily and openly as the USN.

 

[FuturePAF]

The problem is PLAN doesn't publicize the secrets of these highly sensitive latest nuke subs readily and openly as the USN.

Satellite photos, USN assets observing the sub, and declassified reports on the subs will all make their way into the “China PowerL reports sooner or later.

 

[ety]

 

[ety]