Chinese Missile News

[Hendarto]

We had a long discussion on satellite tracking here, a satellite equipped with both SAR and Optical sensors that can track moving objects like planes or ships. Now this is a civilian constellation imagine the military-grade satellite I suggested that China now has an AI Then in mental gymnastics they yes they can track but not provide a firing solution. Read this

China's AI-powered satellites imperil US aircraft carriers - Asia Times

China’s Taijing-4 03 radar imaging satellite has recently captured detailed images of the US Navy's critical Naval Station Norfolk, underscoring its

asiatimes.com

The National Interest report notes that the Taijing-4 03 is believed to be privately made and part of a “five-satellite constellation” used nominally for scientific research and environmental surveys. It comes equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and AI processors for rapid detection and identification of targets at sea and airports and real-time image transmission.

China has previously used AI to enhance significantly the capabilities of its commercial satellites, enabling them to become powerful intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) assets.

In April 2022, Asia Times reported that China had equipped its Jilin-1 commercial Earth observation satellite with AI that allows it to serve as a powerful spy platform, achieving a 95% precision rate in identifying small objects, seven times greater than the satellite’s previous technology.

The AI can reportedly track moving objects even if they turn sharply or disappear into a tunnel. Traditional satellite AI assumes it made a mistake when losing track of a target, resulting in a mere 14% success rate when analyzing satellite video.

The new AI estimates a moving target’s direction based on experience and continues tracking it based on the most likely direction it would take. The AI can recapture the target as soon as it reappears and works even better from space. By 2025, China plans to launch the entire constellation of 138 Jilin-1 satellites in orbit.

In May 2022, the South China Morning Post (SCMP) reported that a Chinese AI-powered satellite detected and tracked the USS Harry S Truman aircraft carrier during a state transit drill off the coast of Long Island, New York, providing Beijing real-time coordinates of the carrier’s location.

The SCMP report notes that the satellite’s AI could process high-definition images rapidly, identifying military assets with minimal computational resources. It says that despite limitations in space, including processing power and harsh conditions, Chinese scientists have made breakthroughs in AI “weight reduction” and chip resilience.

In a February 2023 Epoch Times article, Mike Fredenburg notes that these capabilities imply that China can now scan vast swathes of the ocean to automatically detect and identify ships, provide real-time targeting data to missile launch facilities and significantly improve its ability to maintain the “kill chains” necessary to attack carriers and other warships at sea.

 

[Hendarto]

Here is the AT article on Jilin 1

Chinese researchers last month unveiled an advanced AI system that enables low-cost commercial imaging satellites to become potent spy platforms.

In a paper published in the domestic peer-reviewed journal Fire Control and Command Control by China’s state-owned defense industry, a Chinese team said its AI upgrade to its Jilin-1 satellite achieved a 95% precision rate in identifying small objects such as planes in the air or cars on the street, seven times more than previous technology.

The AI is reportedly capable of keeping track of moving objects, even if the object turns sharply or disappears into a tunnel.

According to Lin Cunbao of the People’s Liberation Army’s Space Engineering University, traditional satellite AI assumes it had made a mistake when it loses track of a target, achieving only a 14% success rate in analyzing satellite video.

In contrast, their new AI would estimate a moving target’s direction based on experience and continue tracking it based on the most likely direction it would take. In addition, Lin’s paper mentioned that the AI could recapture the target as soon as it reappeared and added that their AI could work even better from space.

The Jilin-1 satellite, first launched in 2015, is China’s first commercial Earth observation satellite. It is notably smaller than other spy satellites, weighing less than 100 kilograms.

China also showcased its AI-enhanced satellite reconnaissance capabilities in June last year when its Beijing-3 commercial satellite performed an in-depth scan of a 3,800 square kilometer area of San Francisco Bay in only 42 seconds at an altitude of 500 kilometers.

The images were sharp enough to allow military vehicles on the street to be identified, and what types of weapons they carried.

In contrast to traditional spy satellites that must remain stable while scanning an area of interest, the Beijing-3 rolled and yawed wildly, allowing it to scan far larger areas. The performance test over North America showed that Beijing-3 can take images with its body twisting up to 10 degrees per second, a capability not seen in previous satellites.

Beijing-3 is also claimed to have a response time 2-3 times faster than WorldView-4, the most advanced earth observation satellite developed by the United States. Also, Beijing-3’s scanning band is 77% wider at 23 kilometers compared with WorldView’s 13 kilometers, while weighing only half of its US counterpart.

Lead scientist Yang Fang stated in the peer-reviewed journal Spacecraft Engineering that “China started relatively late on agile satellite technology, but achieved a large number of breakthroughs in a short period of time.”

In 2020 Changguang Satellite, the manufacturer of the Jilin-1 Satellite, released satellite video footage of what appeared to be a fighter jet flying over a city, in an apparent showcase of the satellite’s tracking capabilities. However, it was not clear what type of fighter jet was being tracked in the video.

Future Chinese imaging satellites could be equipped with onboard AI and image processing capabilities, which would eliminate the need to broadcast data to ground stations for further analysis. This eliminates significant delays, especially if the satellites are tracking targets on the other side of the planet.

Chinese satellites will soon be able to stream live satellite footage to an end-user’s smartphone, a capability confined at present to the war rooms of leading military powers.

China’s efforts to integrate military AI into its commercial satellites may be seen as an attempt to increase the survivability of its space-based intelligence, reconnaissance and surveillance (ISR) platforms via proliferation.

By 2025, China plans to launch the full constellation of 138 Jilin-1 satellites in orbit. Upgrading these satellites with onboard AI that considerably increases their imaging capabilities would increase their persistent monitoring capabilities and increase their survivability via proliferation against US and allied anti-satellite weapons, such as lasers, microwaves, electronic warfare, cyberattack and missiles through their sheer number.

The fact that these satellites were designed as civilian assets in the first place obfuscates the distinction between military and civilian assets in space.

Similar to how China’s use of fishermen and civilian law enforcement agencies to assert its maritime claims in the South China Sea confounds the rules of engagement by other claimant states, the use of commercial satellites for potential military purposes may present similar problems in crafting the rules of engagement in outer space.

In addition, the dual-use nature of China’s ISR satellite capabilities shows significant advancement in its military-civil fusion strategy, which aims to reorganize its science and technology enterprises to ensure that new innovations simultaneously advance economic and military development.

 

[Shanlung]

Ok China is capable to engage fighter jets 10,000 km away, now happy, now shoo, end of a discussion

You be satisfied USA F35s have operational rate of less than 33%
(might even be 10% as that is definately less than 33%, )

No less than your USA Sec air force admitted to that

F35 Operational Status of less than 33%

@RepMattGaetz BREAKING: U.S. Air Force Secretary ADMITS that less than a third of F-35s built by Lockheed Martin are operationally capable!The Pentagon has given too much power to the defense contractors that are bilking American taxpayers. It’s not going to get better unless we demand...

defencepk.com

 

[NGAD IS THE BEST]

You be satisfied USA F35s have operational rate of less than 33%
(might even be 10% as that is definately less than 33%, )

No less than your USA Sec air force admitted to that

F35 Operational Status of less than 33%

@RepMattGaetz BREAKING: U.S. Air Force Secretary ADMITS that less than a third of F-35s built by Lockheed Martin are operationally capable!The Pentagon has given too much power to the defense contractors that are bilking American taxpayers. It’s not going to get better unless we demand...

defencepk.com

Don't derail the thread it's not F35 availability but Chinese claims of intercepting of an aircraft 2000 km away

 

[huanghong]

You don't try to understand SAR don't have bandwidth (frequency) to give the firing solutions to interceptors only X and Ku bands have a capability to give firing solutions/resolution to interceptors that's why all SAMs fire control radars works on X band, SAR works in different frequency (bandwidth) so SAR can't provide enough firing solutions/resolution to interceptors to hit the targets

This statement is obviously one-sided. If you pay a little attention to 052d, you will find that 052d does not have the fire control radars works on X band you mentioned.
The hq-9 with a range of 200KM relies on the S-band 346A radar to provide guidance data.
Uses its own X band seeker head at the end to hunt for targets.

 

[NGAD IS THE BEST]

This statement is obviously one-sided. If you pay a little attention to 052d, you will find that 052d does not have the fire control radars works on X band you mentioned.
The hq-9 with a range of 200KM relies on the S-band 346A radar to provide guidance data.
Uses its own X band seeker head at the end to hunt for targets.

You have dual band X and S band AESA on type 52d and do research before you post

 

[huanghong]

You have dual band X and S band AESA on type 52d and do research before you post

No, the 052D does not have an X-band fire control radar. The 052D only has an X-band 364 or 368 rapid response radar located on the top of the mast for searching for sea-skimming targets.

 

[NGAD IS THE BEST]

No, the 052D does not have an X-band fire control radar. The 052D only has an X-band 364 or 368 rapid response radar located on the top of the mast for searching for sea-skimming targets.

Search dual band AESA, just like US zumwalt class dual band AESA, which have S band and X band capability and same goes to your type 52D

 

[huanghong]

Search dual band AESA, just like US zumwalt class dual band AESA, which have S band and X band capability and same goes to your type 52D

This involves 2 points,
The first zumwalt class was once envisioned to be equipped with dual-band AESA, with S-band and X-band capabilities. But in fact, the Zumwalt class was only equipped with the X-band radar SPY-3 and was not equipped with the S-band SPY-4.
Second, the 052d was never envisioned to be equipped with dual-band AESA, with S-band and X-band capabilities.

Type 052D destroyer - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Zumwalt-class destroyer - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[NGAD IS THE BEST]

This involves 2 points,
The first zumwalt class was once envisioned to be equipped with dual-band AESA, with S-band and X-band capabilities. But in fact, the Zumwalt class was only equipped with the X-band radar SPY-3 and was not equipped with the S-band SPY-4.
Second, the 052d was never envisioned to be equipped with dual-band AESA, with S-band and X-band capabilities.

Type 052D destroyer - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Zumwalt-class destroyer - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Ok, now stick to the topic please, this thread is for Chinese ultra long range SAMs (ground based) not AESAs of type 52D AESAs capabilities and as for your information X band has a better than any other band to give a firing solutions and resolution to interceptors

 

[Hendarto]

Even the US now concedes China has in place surveillance satellites that can track moving targets down to individual unit

China is building a huge network of satellites that could be used against US troops: intel chief

Maj. Gen. Greg Gagnon, deputy chief of space operations for intelligence, said China had developed a sophisticated military satellite program.

www.businessinsider.com

China is building a huge network of satellites that could be used against US troops: intel chief​

Tom Porter
May 3, 2024, 7:56 AM CDT

• China has developed a large network of military satellites.
• A Pentagon official warned they could be used to target US troops.
• China is expanding its military presence in space.
• The US has long deployed a network of satellites to monitor potential threats, but Gagnon said that China had ended the US monopoly on using satellite data to strike targets at very long distances.
  
  He described it as an "architecture that's designed to go to war and sustain in war. And the purpose of reconnaissance and surveillance, from the ultimate high ground, is, of course, to inform decisions about fire control for militaries."
  
  China has, in recent years, intensified its bid to establish itself as a major military force in space.
  
  Military experts believe that if a war were to break out between major powers, the opening shots would likely be fired in space in a bid to disable the satellite systems militaries rely on for communications.
• 
  China has developed weapons capable of taking out US satellites, systems for monitoring US troops, and hypersonic weapons capable of evading air defense systems — and some are warning could be preparing to use the moon as a platform for attacks.
  
  The number of Chinese crafts in orbit has risen by around 500% since its space military division was formed in 2015, said Gagnon, and of the 400 launched in the last two years around half are used to monitor Earth.
  
  US military leaders are warning that the US must step up if it wants to avoid being beaten in the race for space dominance.
  
  "We are at a pivotal moment in history," Troy Meink, principal deputy director of the National Reconnaissance Office, which builds and operates the US fleet of spy satellites, said at a recent event in Colorado, as quoted by Space.com.
  
  "For the first time in decades, US leadership in space and space technology is being challenged," Meink added. "Our competitors are actively seeking ways to threaten our capabilities, and we see this every day."

 

[Hendarto]

Here is a good video as to the rationale for the extra-long SAM. Basically kicking the door with a stealth bomber allowing for a radar gap for the subsequent missile to pass through and hit valuable targets and military installation

As a seasoned blogger, I am both impressed and alert to the emergence of China's super-long-range air defense missiles. This breakthrough not only showcases China's formidable military strength but also hints at potential shifts in future warfare dynamics. The potential challenge posed to the adversaries' strategy of "penetrating air superiority" when confronted with China's missile defense system could have profound implications for international military balance and regional security. However, as a blogger

As the international military landscape evolves, the contest for air superiority is becoming increasingly crucial strategically. The adversary's proposed strategy of "penetrating air superiority" aims to overcome the challenges posed by China's missile defense, but China's counterattack has demonstrated unexpected strength. In this contest of technology and strategy, how will both sides proceed with their next steps of confrontation? Does the emergence of China's super-long-range air defense missiles imply a gradual weakening of traditional air superiority? Faced with the rapid development of future military technologies, how will both sides respond to maintain their respective countries' security and interests? Think tanks of potential adversaries have long believed that potential confrontation with China is inevitable, with triggers possibly being the Taiwan Strait, the Korean Peninsula, or the South China Sea. Therefore, they have proposed the "penetrating air superiority" strategy against China.

Penetrating air superiority refers to... Potential adversaries have long regarded air control as a crucial condition for achieving operational victory. Traditional air control strategies typically involve using aircraft to remotely strike key targets such as enemy air defense positions, radars, and airfields to seize air superiority. From the Gulf War to the Kosovo War, and several other local conflicts, the crucial role of air superiority in achieving victory has been demonstrated. By gaining air superiority, potential adversaries have quickly achieved victory in wars, and armed aircraft have played important roles in conflicts in the Balkans, the Middle East, and South Asia.

However, potential adversaries have found that it is not feasible to use aircraft to remotely strike important targets in mainland China. This is because China possesses the most diverse range of missiles globally, especially in new combat capabilities such as electronic warfare, cyber warfare, space warfare, and anti-satellite warfare, where China even surpasses potential adversaries, especially in electronic warfare technology. If engaged in conflict with China, potential adversaries would face difficulties penetrating and operating. Therefore, potential adversaries have proposed the new "penetrating air superiority" strategy.

 

[arjunk]

It said it can TRACK the object read it !

Tracking objects is very easy. Search Radar is the real challenge.

 

[Hendarto]

Tracking objects is very easy. Search Radar is the real challenge.

If you can track, you know the coordinate and can feed the missile with the data . Anyway China just launched an experimental SAR satellite in the X-band

China launches first Long March 6C rocket

China launches first Long March 6C rocket The new Long March 6C rocket successfully inserted four satellites into orbit late Monday on its debut flight.

spacenews.com

China launches first Long March 6C rocket​

Andrew JonesMay 7, 2024

• 

The first Long March 6C rocket rises from the tower, May 7 (UTC), 2024, carrying four satellites into orbit. Credit: Ourspace
HELSINKI — The new Long March 6C rocket successfully inserted four satellites into orbit late Monday on its debut flight.

The first Long March 6C rocket lifted off from Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, north China, at 11:21 Eastern, May 6 (0321 UTC on May 7). The Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST), the rocket’s manufacturer, confirmed launch success within an hour of liftoff.

Four satellites were aboard the launch. The main payload was Haiwangxing-1, or Neptune-1, an experimental, 239-kilogram X-band synthetic aperture radar satellite. Neptune-1 was manufactured by SAST for Zhihui Space Tech. The latter firm aims to launch 12 operational satellites for the Neptune constellation.

The other satellites included Zhixing 1C, another SAR satellite, this time for Beijing-based Smart Satellite. The other two are described as wide-view optical and high-resolution video satellites. The mission was a SAST rideshare launch.

The new, 43-meter-tall rocket is the latest in a line of new-generation rockets developed by SAST designated in the Long March 6 series.
The Long March 6C appears as a shorter variant of the 50-meter-tall Long March 6A without the latter’s four solid rocket boosters. The rocket is capable of lifting about 2,400 kgs to a 500-kilometer Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO). The 6A can carry 4,500 kg to a 700-km SSO. The variants provide greater launch options and flexibility

 

[Hendarto]

Here is the detail of Neptune 1 satellite It can track slow-moving target

Neptune-01 satellite sent into space by China’s new Long March-6C rocket​

Storyline​

Neptune-01, the first satellite of a radar constellation using parabolic antenna to image the Earth in space, was sent into planned orbit on Tuesday by China's Long March-6C in the new rocket's maiden flight.

The Neptune-01 satellite carries an umbrella-shaped antenna with an unfolded diameter of about four meters, which is a core device for Earth imaging.

Different from cameras of optical remote sensing satellites, the parabolic antenna emits electromagnetic waves to the Earth, and then receives and analyzes the electromagnetic waves reflected from the Earth to obtain radar images that contain a large amount of information.

"The satellite has the ability to image in a 24-hour and all-weather manner. This means that day or night, even in cloudy, rainy and sandy days, we can still use it to image," said Xiao Dengjun, payload chief designer of the satellite.

Boasting such capability, Neptune-01 can serve in land resources monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, environmental protection, maritime safety and other fields.

In addition to functions of traditional radar satellites, Neptune-01 can also determine the direction of slow-moving targets by taking videos.

"The satellite can grasp the dynamic characteristics of the target in a short period of time. This is very useful. For example, it's vital for traffic and port management," said Ren Wei, technical director of the satellite project.

The Neptune constellation initially plans to launch 13 satellites in orbit to form a network, which will greatly improve the response capabilities of the satellites upon its completion, according to Yao Xingfu, person in charge of the Neptune-01 satellite project.

"The second phase will be completed in 2028, with 36 satellites in orbit to provide high-resolution intelligent remote sensing services for the users," Yao said.

The Long March-6C carrier rocket blasted off at 11:21 (Beijing Time) from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in north China's Shanxi Province, sending Neptune-01 and Smart-1C, as well as a wide-band optical satellite and a high-resolution video satellite into planned orbits.