History of Pakistan Army

SELECTION OF SITE FOR PMA— Kakul, KPK.

As stated by Brig Francis Ingall in his memoirs’’ The Last of the Bengal Lancers’. While discussing various problems faced by him in establishing the Academy, Brig Ingall recounts very interesting incidents highlighting the confusion created due to lack of experience coupled with lack of resources and bureaucratic impediments, in the early days of birth of Pakistan.

He says, ’’At a staff meeting at AHQ, presided by CinC, CGS and DMT, I was formally designated as Commandant of the embryo Pakistan Military Academy. I was told to plan for an academy with a battalion consisting of four companies and a curriculum spread over two years. Initially I was given a free rein to make what order I could make out of the confusion.

Find suitable location for the Academy, find money and staff and supervise decisions relating to curriculum. I had to appear before Adjutant General to argue my case. A newly promoted officer, he was extremely pompous and difficult to deal with. He also seemed vague about what was required of him. He was hesitant about making decisions.
The new Army’s pay and accounts department proved parsimonious beyond belief and there were times when I was made to feel I was asking for the moon. These early brushes with the seniors officers of the Army did not make me ‘best beloved’ but I was determined to barge ahead as fast as possible.

Since I used to spend my summers in Abbottabad, I thought that it was ideal place for establishing the Academy due to climatic and logistical considerations.

I knew that there was another cantonment five miles away at Kakul. In thirties it had been home of Indian Army School of Artillery and more recently a training school for young officers of Royal Indian Army Service Corps {RIASC}.

It had all the logistical backup of a well-established military station. It was within fairly easy reach of GHQ in Rawalpindi. I checked up with AHQ whether Kakul was occupied and to my delight they told me it was not. I visited the area and found it suitable from all aspects.

I physically visited Kakul Cantonment and found it idea place for Academy. New buildings housed four permanent student messes and single quarters fir about 400 students, married officers hutments, a large lecture hall plus small study halls, two cinemas and mush else besides. I returned to Rawalpindi and wrote a report that Kakul be the chosen site.

I discussed personally with CinC general sir Douglas Gracy. Kakul’s Training school was duly chosen to be the site for Pakistan Military Academy.


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Officers and veterans of 1 FF commemorating the 150th Neuve Chapelle Day.
 
FM Ayub Khan with Lt Gen Kulwant Singh commanded 7/1(18) Punjab

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1949 Staff College, Quetta

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**Pakistan's Unbreakable Security: The Failed Escape of Indian POWs in 1972**

In August 1972, three Indian Air Force officers—Flight Lieutenant Dilip Parulkar, Flight Lieutenant M.S. Grewal, and Flying Officer Harish Sinhji—attempted a daring escape from a high-security POW camp near Rawalpindi. They tunneled through an 18-inch thick wall on a stormy night, trekked across rugged terrain, reached Peshawar, and used local transport to head toward the Afghan border.

Pakistan's vigilant intelligence, swift patrols, and rapid response once again proved superior. The escapees were recaptured just a few miles short of the border near Landi Kotal, showing that no matter how clever the plan, our security forces always stay one step ahead.

To ensure tighter control and prevent any further attempts, the three escapees—together with other Indian Air Force POWs—were transferred to the more fortified **Lyallpur Jail** (now Faisalabad Central Jail). This move maintained strict discipline while Pakistan continued to handle the prisoners professionally in accordance with international norms.

Despite their bold effort, all Indian POWs, including these three, were repatriated to India on December 1, 1972, crossing the Wagah border under the Shimla Agreement. They returned home safely—no one remained in captivity.

A clear reminder of the strength, professionalism, and unbreakable resolve of Pakistan's military and security systems!

(L-R): Dilip Parulkar, M S Grewal, Harish Sinhji

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Cars used by Army Chiefs ..


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General Mohammad Ayub Khan, next to him is General Mohammad Azam Khan, GOC 10 DIV, year 1956 Lahore.
 
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2nd from left, col Sajid Bhatti. 2nd from right brig Sadiq Akbar..
all 52 Cavalry officers..
 
just 42 years ago,
we stood shoulder to shoulder, bound by friendship n camaraderie,
years hv passed,but d memories, laughter,n the spirit of those days remain etched in our hearts forever..
😊

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This picture was taken during young officers (YOs) Armour basic course at school of Armour,
Nowshera, circa 1984..

standing, left to right,
Tariq guides cavalry,
Zuha Saeed 28 cavalry,
habib guides infantry,
awan 11 cavalry,
mughees 10 FF,
Others 24 cavalry..
sitting,
left to right,
sohail 12 cavalry,
tasneem 15 lancers,

All 33 cavalry..
 
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An aerial photograph of the 2nd (Rawalpindi) Infantry Brigade's camp on the Bara River, Khyber Agency, 1930 (c).

This image was compiled by Major General Cecil Wotton Toovey (1891–1954), who served as the Brigade Major for the 2nd Rawalpindi Infantry Brigade between 1929 and 1931. Toovey was previously with the 5th Battalion, 1st Punjab Regiment (formerly the 82nd Punjabis).

In late 1930, the brigade deployed to the Khajuri Plain, west of Peshawar, following significant regional unrest. After two incursions by Afridi tribesmen into the Peshawar District, the British Government of India took action to deter further conflict. Karawal, a prominent hill overlooking the Khajuri Plain, was selected as the operational base. From there, troops constructed roads and fortified posts to improve security and pacify the region.

This photograph is part of an album titled 'India 1917-1937', which documents Toovey’s service across India, Mesopotamia, and the North-West Frontier.

© National Army Museum
 
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Camp...
Landikotal, Khyber Pass, 1900's (c).

Description:- Tented military camp on dusty plain bounded by steep rugged mountains; clay and wooden block in foreground.

© University of St Andrews
 
1920's

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Trucks of 692 Coy. A.S.C. Khyber Pass, 1918 (c).
 

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