Development Speed: Turkey's aerospace sector (TEI) has made rapid, recent strides, leaping from smaller engines to designing 160 kN thrust engines for the KAAN fighter within a decade. India’s Kaveri project has faced severe, multi-decade delays since the 1980s.
Current Status & Strategy: Turkey is developing its own engines (TF35000) for the KAAN while using GE F110s for prototypes. India has pivoted to co-developing/producing engines with foreign partners (e.g., France's Safran for 120 kN engines) after failures to indigenize the Kaveri.
Dependency: Turkey is actively seeking to break its reliance on foreign, specifically U.S., engines. India remains "critically dependent" on U.S. General Electric engines for its entire fighter fleet, including the LCA Tejas and upcoming AMCA.
Future Goals: Turkey aims to field its own engines for its 5th-gen KAAN by 2032. India is pushing to produce a 120 kN engine with Safran for its AMCA Mk2.
While Turkey has successfully developed and tested smaller engines and is moving fast, India has a long history of design, but has struggled with manufacturing and, until recently, lacked a focused, collaborative approach to engine production, notes Swarajya.