With a country as large as China, I can't imagine there being any need to bring in Indian workers. There are a lot of low-end workers in China in rural areas that can migrate towards central areas for low to medium income roles. China has a far far better education system than India and it can train all the hardware and software engineers it needs. Given that China is going toe-to-toe with the USA for frontier Ai models and India does not have a single Ai model as yet, shows how far ahead China is in core computer science and IT.
Alot of what India does is back office processing, and "commodity" style applications development, all of which China does already. Look at how digital, and electronic life is in China already and all of that was developed inhouse in China.
Germany has issues and may want to insource Indians for whatever reason, but here in the UK, the IT tap for bringing in India IT professionals into the UK was turned off a few years ago.
You may not have a full understanding of China. The "low-end workers" you refer to actually earn quite decent wages—in fact, their real income is often higher than that of many office workers employed in Grade-A commercial buildings in major cities.
In a typical smaller Chinese city (outside of the major, highly developed urban hubs), a fresh graduate from a non-prestigious university might start their first job with a monthly salary of 3,000–5,000 RMB. Meanwhile, a manual laborer—even one with no formal education or specialized skills—can earn at least 6,000–8,000 RMB per month. Those with specific technical skills often earn upwards of 8,000 RMB. Of course, manual labor is an extremely demanding and arduous line of work.
According to data from various research organizations, the wages actually paid to illegal foreign laborers performing manual work in China are often only one-third to one-half of what Chinese workers in the same roles receive.
Three prominent groups of illegal laborers in China come from:
1. Vietnam: There is a significant number of illegal Vietnamese laborers in China’s Guangxi Province, primarily engaged in seasonal agricultural work. Due to a large-scale outflow of the local population toward more developed regions, Guangxi has faced a shortage of agricultural labor. Consequently, many Vietnamese cross the border illegally to perform seasonal farm work; they do not stay long-term—arriving for the harvest or planting season and returning to Vietnam once the work is finished. Local authorities generally do not take a strict stance against this practice.
2. North Korea: There is also a large number of illegal North Korean laborers in Northeast China (in addition to a greater number of North Koreans working legally under arrangements organized by their own government). Because they are virtually indistinguishable from the local population—sharing the same attire, language, physical appearance, and behavioral habits—and given that Chinese citizens are not in the habit of carrying identification documents on their person, it is very difficult for local authorities to enforce immigration laws. Typically, law enforcement agencies do not proactively intervene unless a report is filed.
A key characteristic of both groups is that they integrate seamlessly into the local culture, with virtually no points of conflict. They do not pose any harmful impact on China, and, in most cases, it is nearly impossible for others to even tell them apart from the local population.
3. Other regions, including India. Individuals from these areas are currently the primary targets of China’s strict enforcement actions. The first large-scale issues involved Africans in Guangdong; currently, the most intense crackdown is directed at people from India and Southeast Asia.
