Pakistan Navy | News & Discussions
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Pakistanithinktank
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Sharing is caring, so I wanted to put this out there and spark a real, serious discussion.
Looking at the current situation, a lot of things feel out of reach, but we should never underestimate our enemies, whether they’re inside the country or outside it. One question I keep circling back to, and still haven’t found a solid answer for, it's why has Pakistan never managed to develop a fully functional, deep commercial port besides Karachi?
Gwadar is still in its early stages, so it doesn’t really count yet and even then, it’s more of a Chinese project than a Pakistani one. After all these decades, it’s hard to understand how we still haven’t built another major port under our own ownership, planning, and vision. Zardari has approached Chinese to build a new commercial port near Keti Bander. It's too close to India and will face IN in any future conflict.
Looking at the current situation, a lot of things feel out of reach, but we should never underestimate our enemies, whether they’re inside the country or outside it. One question I keep circling back to, and still haven’t found a solid answer for, it's why has Pakistan never managed to develop a fully functional, deep commercial port besides Karachi?
Gwadar is still in its early stages, so it doesn’t really count yet and even then, it’s more of a Chinese project than a Pakistani one. After all these decades, it’s hard to understand how we still haven’t built another major port under our own ownership, planning, and vision. Zardari has approached Chinese to build a new commercial port near Keti Bander. It's too close to India and will face IN in any future conflict.
ghazi52
THINK TANK: CONSULTANT
The Arabian Sea may look calm on the surface, but beneath it lies a layered environment that makes it well suited for submarine operations. This concept is described by Rear Admiral Mian Zahir Shah in his book Bubbles of Water.
HAMZA
ghazi52
THINK TANK: CONSULTANT
Usman
@usman_cph
These layers form because seawater differs in temperature, salinity, and pressure. Those variations create zones of density at different depths, each behaving slightly differently from the next.
Warm water is lighter than cold water, and fresh water is lighter than salt water. The result is a natural boundary that separates lighter upper water from the heavier water below.
This boundary, or “layer,” reflects sound much like a smooth surface reflects light. Sonar waves strike it and bend or bounce away rather than passing through.
For submarines, this layer becomes a practical tool. Below it, sound travels differently, and detection by sonar from surface ships becomes more difficult.
When a submarine operates beneath the layer, it can listen safely while staying less visible to sensors above.
Submarines also use the layer for temperature control. By diving below it, the warmer water in ballast tanks can be replaced by cooler, denser water from deeper levels.
In some seas, the layer can be dense enough that submarines struggle to pass through, needing additional power and control adjustments.
The depth of this layer changes constantly, sometimes forming at 20 meters, other times at 60 or more, depending on weather, salinity, and current patterns.
In the Arabian Sea, these shifting layers create acoustic conditions that affect how sound travels, influencing both detection and maneuvering.
For submarine crews, understanding these natural effects is critical. The ability to work with or around the layer can determine how effectively a mission is carried out.
@usman_cph
These layers form because seawater differs in temperature, salinity, and pressure. Those variations create zones of density at different depths, each behaving slightly differently from the next.
Warm water is lighter than cold water, and fresh water is lighter than salt water. The result is a natural boundary that separates lighter upper water from the heavier water below.
This boundary, or “layer,” reflects sound much like a smooth surface reflects light. Sonar waves strike it and bend or bounce away rather than passing through.
For submarines, this layer becomes a practical tool. Below it, sound travels differently, and detection by sonar from surface ships becomes more difficult.
When a submarine operates beneath the layer, it can listen safely while staying less visible to sensors above.
Submarines also use the layer for temperature control. By diving below it, the warmer water in ballast tanks can be replaced by cooler, denser water from deeper levels.
In some seas, the layer can be dense enough that submarines struggle to pass through, needing additional power and control adjustments.
The depth of this layer changes constantly, sometimes forming at 20 meters, other times at 60 or more, depending on weather, salinity, and current patterns.
In the Arabian Sea, these shifting layers create acoustic conditions that affect how sound travels, influencing both detection and maneuvering.
For submarine crews, understanding these natural effects is critical. The ability to work with or around the layer can determine how effectively a mission is carried out.
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