what company is the Chinese equivalent of intel/arm/nvidia?
I dont say it's impossible but they are starting the way when usa/uk has decades of knowledge doing it.
I saw a Chinese company who build own mips64 chips, modified by them, capable of emulate amd64 and run windows in own chips, but it was a tiny company (hundreds employees), and more expensive and slower chips than amd/intel equivalents.
Developing a computer and information industry with genuine autonomy presents significant challenges regarding both hardware and software. However, the greatest difficulty lies not in the technical aspects of hardware or software, but in the industrial ecosystem.
Let’s consider an example.
The vast majority of us have become accustomed to the "x86 + Windows" ecosystem; it is deeply integrated into our lives and work—inseparable from them. If you were asked to learn and adapt to a new ecosystem now, you would almost certainly be furious, voicing endless complaints and criticisms.
The same applies to companies operating within this ecosystem.
Most countries around the world lack the incentive or need to pursue this path, and consequently, they rarely encounter these issues.
For instance, having fully adapted to the GMS ecosystem, you find it difficult to accept anything new, often subjecting new alternatives to relentless scrutiny and criticism. This discourages other companies from developing applications for new ecosystems. Such behavior makes it even harder for new ecosystems to survive, thereby creating a vicious cycle.
The ecosystem combining Huawei’s Kirin chips and HarmonyOS serves as a prime example. Even within China, some app developers are reluctant to adapt their applications for this brand-new ecosystem.
Purely from a technical standpoint regarding software and hardware, China began this journey over two decades ago. The National University of Defense Technology and major Chinese state-owned enterprises initiated the development of a homegrown operating system—Kylin OS—at an early stage; it was built upon China's own proprietary hardware architecture.
Over the years, this system has served—and undergone continuous iteration for—state-affiliated entities such as the PLA, the Chinese government, and various research and large-scale institutions. Although China National Software & Service Company (CS&S) later released a consumer version of Kylin OS, it saw virtually no adoption among the general public. The root cause lies in the ecosystem: the scarcity of users in the consumer market resulted in negligible commercial value. Consequently, app developers failed to come on board, further dampening consumer willingness to use the system. A lack of users meant no revenue inflow for the developers; without funds, there was no incentive for continued investment in development. This represents a classic vicious cycle.
What Huawei is doing now is leveraging its massive market influence and ecosystem to accomplish this. This is also the core reason why Huawei enjoys strong support from both the Chinese government and the domestic market.
This kind of pain is almost completely incomprehensible to people in other countries. That is why I fully understand the perspective held by others—whether in Spain, India, Pakistan, or Turkey—that it is difficult for you to grasp this issue.
Only a small number of Germans, Japanese, and French people are capable of understanding it, because they have experienced the consequences of colliding with such a powerful ecosystem—and failing.