Egyptian Armed Forces

[Sami_1]

28 Oct 2020

Defense News: How is the Egyptian Air Force able to operate its fleet of mixed origin?​

Three French-made Rafale fighter jets fly with other Egyptian Air Force warplanes, unseen, above Cairo on July 21, 2015. (Khaled Desouki/AFP via Getty Images)


BEIRUT — Egypt’s fleet of military aircraft are able to share data and coordinate activity despite their mixed origins, thanks to a locally made command center, according to an Egyptian armed forces expert.


It’s rare to witness an air force flying fighter jets and helicopters of different origins, but Egypt operates aircraft from Russia, China, the United States and European nations.

“When it comes to the Egyptian Air Force in particular, it is definitely not possible for [American-made] E-2C Hawkeye 2000 early warning aircraft in service, for example, to direct the [Russian-made] MiG-29 fighters and exchange data with them, as is the case with the [American-made] F-16 and [French-made] Rafale fighters,” said Mohamed al-Kenany, a military affairs researcher and defense analyst at the Arab Forum for Analyzing Iranian Policies in Cairo.

“However, data is being shared between the different-origin aircraft through the command-and-control centers that are equipped with dedicated systems capable of linking the various radar, aircraft, sensors, reconnaissance and electronic warfare systems, and integrating all the information and data they receive into a unified system named RISC2.”

The Radar Integration and Surveillance Command Center was made by the Egyptian military’s Research and Development Department; Benha Electronics, which is affiliated with the Ministry of Military Production; the Military Technical College; and the Egyptian Air Defense Forces.

The RISC2 is an Egyptian-made system that was introduced during EDEX 2018.

RISC2 was introduced during the 2018 Egypt Defence Expo and is meant to automate control-and-command tasks. The platform is equipped with tools for flight planning, control systems for radars and various monitoring sensors (including models from the United States, Russia, China, France, Britain and Egypt), an automatic flight-tracking system, a network management system, and cybersecurity.

Al-Kenany said in addition to linking aircraft, the system allows the military’s land and sea combat platforms to share data.

“This system enables the dynamic exchange of integrated data with various command-and-control centers, with the next generation of cyber protection systems and firewalls ... as well as the Egyptian surface-to-air missile command center to analyze and assess the risks and air threats, and [determine] the type of air defense systems needed to deal with these threats,” he added.

Egyptian Air Force acrobatic jets perform aerial maneuvers with colored smoke as they fly past an Egyptian AH-64 Apache attack helicopter over the capital Cairo on June 2, 2018. (STR/AFP via Getty Images)

He hasn’t observed any problems with Egypt’s air defense systems differentiating enemy aircraft from friendly ones. “The various types of IFF [identification friend or foe systems] produced by different companies for Egypt’s armed forces are designed to be compatible with all the systems and equipment operational in the country, and hence identifying their specific frequencies and codes as friendly, which prevents friendly fires,” he explained.

To overcome delays in data sharing, the Air Force looked to the Rafale "to link aircraft of different origins during the flight, since it is equipped not only with Link 16 data links but also with other solutions for non-NATO countries to operate in integrated operational [environments] with all platforms and with friendly combat assets, and airborne command and control, which allows it to operate in harmony with modern Russian fighters operating for the Egyptian Air Force,” al-Kenany explained.

He also pointed to Egypt’s TIBA-1 communications satellite, which was launched onboard an Ariane 5 rocket in November 2019 for government communications and military purposes. He said the satellite will facilitate data sharing between Air Force fighters and helicopter of different origins.

What is Egypt flying?

In terms of Western systems, the Egyptian Air Force currently operates 24 Rafale fighter jets (and wants to double that number), 20 F-16 Block 52 fighters, 10 AH-64D Apache Longbow helicopters (with plans to double its inventory), 15 Mirage 2000 jets, and eight early warning E-2C Hawkeye planes.

From the East, the service operates 46 MiG-29M fighter jets, 46 Ka-52 Alligator armed reconnaissance helicopters, and an unknown number of Mi-24 combat multirole helicopters, which first appeared in Egyptian service in 2018. The Air Force also ordered 24 Su-35S Super Flanker jets but has only received five so far, according to Russian media.

Russian Kamov Ka-52 Alligator attack helicopters fly over the Kremlin and Red Square in downtown Moscow on May 9, 2020. (Kirill Kudryavtsev/AFP via Getty Images)

Egypt turned to Russia after the U.S. did not approve its request to acquire roughly two dozen F-35 fighter jets, an Egyptian military official told The Associated Press in 2019. The Russian deal for Su-35s was meant to diversify Egypt’s weapon suppliers because the U.S. has previously stopped military assistance over human rights concerns, said another official.

“Moving to diversify sources of military equipment and especially fighter jets is a direct consequence to embargos from specific countries, or monopoly of technology and refraining from technology transfer,” Lebanese Member of Parliament Wehbe Katicha, a retired Army general, told Defense News.

But the mixed fleet hasn’t significantly impacted training between Egypt and NATO members, al-Kenany said.

“Drills have been going on as scheduled between Egypt and NATO countries, but it is worth noting that I’ve never noticed a Russian aircraft in the drills with Western countries, or a Western aircraft in the drill with Russia. The only exception to this was the presence of Ka-52 with the mistral trainings.”

Samy Magdy of The Associated Press contributed to this report.

Source


https://www.egyptdefenceexpo.com/ne...rce-able-to-operate-its-fleet-of-mixed-origin

 

[iblini]

The new air bridge between Egypt and China, and the Egyptian army deal changes the rules of the game

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5 Y-20 in total..

what is really going on!?

 

[Ramses Akhenaten Ahmose]

Buying weapons like what Indians doing do not say much , they did not gived acces for ther own missiles to be used on Rafale and he same goes for you. Coming back to data link, this is a Nato system so what Egypt did to communicate with other weapons what do not excist from a Nato data link you do have good stories.

You can not ad something to send or recieve from the data-link. If they give you acces then it is possible but you are not a Nato member let alone strategic partner off Nato. So you people should stop spreading news about some kind fantasy systems.. France do not have ther own data link they use Nato systems.

Coming back to the Indians and France.

France Denies India Access to Rafale Source Codes

France has rejected India’s request to share source codes needed to integrate indigenous weapons into Rafale fighter jets. Despite repeated appeals, French manufacturer Dassault Aviation has refused to compromise on the issue

anewz.tv

Egypt do not have acces to Datalink and will face the same problems in a war.

And y would Egypt but equipment where it can’t have access in the first place??? No way your not catching up like this

You still missed how Egypt will I prorate its own network with existing systems since they wouldn’t be making all these deals without enacting that plan

 

[Sami_1]

Egypt uses systems made in the US, China, Russia and others, and at IDEX 2023, a company says it’s figured out how to make them talk to each other.​

By Agnes Helou on February 23, 2023 at 4:27 AM

At IDEX 2023, an Egytpian firm debuts what it says is a C5ISR platform that can talk to both eastern and western systems. (Agnes Helou / Breaking Defense)
IDEX 2023 — At an international defense expo in Abu Dhabi, an Egyptian firm debuted a locally made C5ISR system that it says can interoperate with both western and easter defense systems – a critical capability for an Egyptian military stocked with platforms from around the world.

The firm, ACME SAICO, Integrated Engineering Systems, advertised the C5ISR (command, control, communications, computer, cyber, intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance) system for the first time internationally at the AOI (Arab Organization for Industrialization) stand just next to the Egyptian Ministry of Military Production here at IDEX 2023.

“C5ISR can deal with hybrid defense systems from different countries and following different protocols,” the head of the company’s Electronic Industries Division, Ziad Badawi, told Breaking Defense.

The future of the F-35. Watch our exclusive video series today.
Since the 1970s, Cairo has been struggling with coordinating the operations of defense systems from different origins, whether it’s aircraft, air defense systems, naval systems or others.
“Egypt operates air defense radars [of] US, Chinese, Ukrainian, Russian and British origins, so we have been trying to collect the data from these sources in one system for operational efficiency,” Badawi said.

Likewise, defense researcher Arda Mevlütoğlu highlighted Egypt’s air force inventory, which includes French-made Rafale and Mirage fighter jets and American F-16 Block 52 fighters, AH-64D Apache Longbow helicopters, and early warning E-2C Hawkeye planes. It also operates Eastern-origin aircraft including MiG-29M fighter jets, Ka-52 Alligator armed reconnaissance helicopters and Mi-24 combat multirole helicopters.

Badawi said that a smaller version of the sensor integration system was developed in 2002, but the one presented at this year’s show has different versions that more fully realizes a unified platform without special purpose components and operates mostly independently.

“We build our own cybersecurity system hardware base that doesn’t need updates from the internet. The system is a closed cloud customer that the operator can control without the firm’s technician’s intervention. The firm only provides technology transfer for the integration parts, and the operator makes the integration,” he said.

In 2018, the Egyptian firm launched the RISC2 (Radar Integration and Surveillance Command Center) version of the system, which was upgraded to RISC 3 so it could perform combined missions with radars, missiles, aircraft, land forces, counter terrorism, Badawi said.

ACME SAICO has developed RISC3 FOR aircraft operations, and other versions called CTC2 (Counter Terrorism Command Center) for land vehicles operations, and NAVC3 (Navy Combined command Center) for naval vessels operations.

“The system is operational and certified with Egyptian armed forces, it was integrated on all operational aircraft with the air force and will be in the aircraft to be received by them,” Badawi said.

On the land forces side, the northern African country is in the process of integrating the systems on land vehicles up to MRAP vehicles.

Badawi didn’t give too many details on how exactly the integration tech works, but told Breaking Defense, “We support total physical isolation of the data link layers.”

Mevlütoğlu, the Middle East defense expert, said there’s limited public information as well, but he understood the tech employs “interface layers.”

“An interface layer is basically a separate hardware and software bundle that acts like an interpreter,” he explained. “For example, if you want to share information between a Rafale and a MiG-29, which use different types and formats of data, you need an interface layer, which receives data from both aircraft, translates them into each other’s ‘language’ and sends to the recipient. Needless to say, this process needs to be executed in real time.”
That may be a tall order, but Mevlütoğlu said if it works as advertised, there would be no shortage of customers in the Middle East and North Africa whose militaries similarly operate a hodgepodge of systems. It could also, he said, boost the prospects for increased purchasing of Russian and Chinese aircraft, as nations wouldn’t be stuck with Western systems just based on previous purchases.
https://breakingdefense.com/2023/02...meet-egyptian-firm-debuts-mixed-c5isr-system/

 

[Sami_1]

Egyptian E-2C Hawkeyes, history

Egypt purchased five E-2C Hawkeyes, that entered service in 1987 and were upgraded to Hawkeye 2000 standard. One additional upgraded E-2C was purchased. The first upgraded aircraft was delivered in March 2003 and deliveries were concluded in late 2008. Egypt requested two additional excess E-2C aircraft in October 2007; deliveries began in 2010.
They all operate in 601 AEW Brigade, Cairo-West.

Egypt to Procure Additional E-2C Hawkeye

(Source: Forecast International; issued October 20, 2015)



NEWTOWN, Conn. --- Egypt is to get an additional Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye early warning and control aircraft.

On October 15, The United States Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) said it intends to award Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation a contract to provide the supplies and services necessary to deliver an ex-US Navy E-2C (aircraft A-97) to the Egyptian Air Force (EAF) and get it operational within approximately three months.

In December 1999, Egypt finalized a contract to modernize its existing five E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning (AEW) aircraft with extensive radar (APS-145), mission computer, and workstation upgrades to bring them up to the Hawkeye 2000 standard. An additional E-2C that had already been upgraded to the Hawkeye 2000 standard was transferred in February 2003. The first upgraded versions were redelivered to Egypt in February 2003, followed by delivery of another one in early 2004 and yet another in May 2005. Upgrades to the remainder were completed in April 2007.

In October 2007, the U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) notified Congress of a potential sale of two more E-2C AEW aircraft, which would include parts and service. The first was delivered to the Egyptian Air Force in December 2010. Earlier, in June 2008, Northrop Grumman was awarded a $38 million contract to bring this aircraft up to the latest Hawkeye 2000 standard before delivery.

https://web.archive.org/web/2015102...itional-e_2c-hawkeye-from-us-navy-stocks.html


The Hawkeye 2000 version can track over 2,000 targets simultaneously while also detecting 20,000 targets to a range greater than 400 mi (640 km) and simultaneously guide 40–100 air-to-air intercepts or air-to-surface engagements

We are highlighting information about this aircraft for two reasons.
First, Egyptian aircraft are scheduled to be retired from service starting in 2027, according to planned modernization and replacement programs.
The specifications of any new Egyptian early warning aircraft must be of the following model, and their capabilities must be superior to those currently in service, whether in detection range, target detection capability, or the ability to direct a larger number of aircraft, whether fighters, UCAVs, or other aircraft.
Some people do not understand this point.
More than 14 years ago, an Egyptian frigate detected an attempt by a fighter jet to enter Egyptian airspace. The Egyptian frigate was connected to the unified communications network, which led to the fighters being directed to immediately intercept the enemy target. Egypt links the Egyptian radar network of various types into a unified command and control system. Some people, like those who like to think that command and control systems are the exclusive domain of NATO or the local systems of other countries.
Future early warning aircraft must Exceeding the capabilities of outdated aircraft

 

[iblini]

kj 600 since its design is similar to the Hawkeye but incorporating Chinese tech.

KJ-600 is carrier based, if you wanted some high end stuff, then KJ-700, the miniature version of KJ-3000, the successor of KJ-500, is probably the best option since KJ-3000 is likely not for export.

 

[The SC]

what is really going on!?

Still a Mystery!

 

[Ali_Baba]

5 Y-20 in total..

So far - no world of any signed Egyptian contracts on anything with China, so I would take everything with a large pinch of salt.

 

[Ali_Baba]

KJ-600 is carrier based, if you wanted some high end stuff, then KJ-700, the miniature version of KJ-3000, the successor of KJ-500, is probably the best option since KJ-3000 is likely not for export.

View attachment 123483

I don't thin KJ-700 is cleared for export yet? Upper limit is KJ-500 ?

 

[iblini]

I don't thin KJ-700 is cleared for export yet? Upper limit is KJ-500 ?

yeah, not yet, but the world is changing fast, I think my country would like to step out of the shell and expand influence.

 

[Sami_1]

North Korea likely obtained its own version of Chinese technology. You are not forced to purchase substandard equipment.
The Russians now pay for it and develop it. For example, the MiG-29M was developed with higher levels of composite materials and equipment, based on Egyptian funding provided at the time.
You always create restrictions and forget that the rate of change in the world is accelerating. It's the same story with BVR missiles; they were restricted by range. When an international supplier provided missiles with a longer range, all other suppliers removed range restrictions.


France is even forced to comply with the source code. Simply put, no one will accept the Rafale unless it meets the buyer's conditions, as long as there is another alternative. The Russians simply integrate any type of armament into the MiG-35 and Sukhoi 35 fighters, and the Chinese are flexible. So why are countries forced to accept France's restrictions in the first place?
Perhaps no one knows that the reason for the Mirage 3/5's fame in the 1960s and 1970s was France's acceptance of secret, undisclosed contracts and the fulfillment of customer requirements when it launched. France imposed restrictions on its export market, which is collapsing. Why did Egypt turn to Chinese and Russian naval vessels? Simply put, when Europe imposed restrictions, Egypt turned to alternatives. What's even more ridiculous is that when European countries like France, Germany, and Italy refused to even supply radars for the new equipment Egypt purchased from outside Europe, countries like Spain agreed. There's also South Korea, even in air defense systems. When Germany refuses, Egypt turns to another alternative and even produces systems using the expertise gained from the IRIS-T systems by developing parallel and better systems.

 

[Ghostkiller]

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إِنَّا لِلَّٰهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ

It was a K-8 trainer aircraft

 

[Ramses Akhenaten Ahmose]

KJ-600 is carrier based, if you wanted some high end stuff, then KJ-700, the miniature version of KJ-3000, the successor of KJ-500, is probably the best option since KJ-3000 is likely not for export.

View attachment 123483

Yes I’m aware of the 600 being carrier based. Tbf I stuck with the kj 200 and 500 models since the 700 won’t likely be up for grabs in the near future. Maybe in a year or 2. But until then 200 and 500 models will suffice as they’re still very good systems.

 

[Sami_1]

Patriot in Egyptian camouflage on one of the channels that always broadcasts propaganda for the Egyptian army

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Accept third party cookies

 

[Ramses Akhenaten Ahmose]

View attachment 123475

Egyptian E-2C Hawkeyes, history

Egypt purchased five E-2C Hawkeyes, that entered service in 1987 and were upgraded to Hawkeye 2000 standard. One additional upgraded E-2C was purchased. The first upgraded aircraft was delivered in March 2003 and deliveries were concluded in late 2008. Egypt requested two additional excess E-2C aircraft in October 2007; deliveries began in 2010.
They all operate in 601 AEW Brigade, Cairo-West.

Egypt to Procure Additional E-2C Hawkeye

(Source: Forecast International; issued October 20, 2015)



NEWTOWN, Conn. --- Egypt is to get an additional Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye early warning and control aircraft.

On October 15, The United States Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) said it intends to award Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation a contract to provide the supplies and services necessary to deliver an ex-US Navy E-2C (aircraft A-97) to the Egyptian Air Force (EAF) and get it operational within approximately three months.

In December 1999, Egypt finalized a contract to modernize its existing five E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning (AEW) aircraft with extensive radar (APS-145), mission computer, and workstation upgrades to bring them up to the Hawkeye 2000 standard. An additional E-2C that had already been upgraded to the Hawkeye 2000 standard was transferred in February 2003. The first upgraded versions were redelivered to Egypt in February 2003, followed by delivery of another one in early 2004 and yet another in May 2005. Upgrades to the remainder were completed in April 2007.

In October 2007, the U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) notified Congress of a potential sale of two more E-2C AEW aircraft, which would include parts and service. The first was delivered to the Egyptian Air Force in December 2010. Earlier, in June 2008, Northrop Grumman was awarded a $38 million contract to bring this aircraft up to the latest Hawkeye 2000 standard before delivery.

https://web.archive.org/web/2015102...itional-e_2c-hawkeye-from-us-navy-stocks.html


The Hawkeye 2000 version can track over 2,000 targets simultaneously while also detecting 20,000 targets to a range greater than 400 mi (640 km) and simultaneously guide 40–100 air-to-air intercepts or air-to-surface engagements

We are highlighting information about this aircraft for two reasons.
First, Egyptian aircraft are scheduled to be retired from service starting in 2027, according to planned modernization and replacement programs.
The specifications of any new Egyptian early warning aircraft must be of the following model, and their capabilities must be superior to those currently in service, whether in detection range, target detection capability, or the ability to direct a larger number of aircraft, whether fighters, UCAVs, or other aircraft.
Some people do not understand this point.
More than 14 years ago, an Egyptian frigate detected an attempt by a fighter jet to enter Egyptian airspace. The Egyptian frigate was connected to the unified communications network, which led to the fighters being directed to immediately intercept the enemy target. Egypt links the Egyptian radar network of various types into a unified command and control system. Some people, like those who like to think that command and control systems are the exclusive domain of NATO or the local systems of other countries.
Future early warning aircraft must Exceeding the capabilities of outdated aircraft

Why would Egypt contract Hawkeyes that’s not of the d model? Especially since we are now moving away from American aircrafts with procurements with Chinese 4.5 and 5th gen crafts in the future? The Chinese alternatives are of a better deal if you ask me. Those f16s won’t stay for much in service even if they’re upgradable. It just doesn’t make sense. Only way for it to make sense is to have both e2’s operating with western aircraft. And kj’s with eastern Russian and Chinese aircrafts.