Pakistan raises record $3 billion through dual-tranche Eurobond

Actually, there are two components that make it possible. One is the leverage that is being offered to investors, but the more important part is that the bank is able to lend the entire leveraged up gross amount to Indian borrowers at high INR interest rates, without taking much FX risk. Without the second component , the banks will lose money since they are giving the USD loan at a lower interest rate than what they are paying for the USD deposit. That is the real magic.
Obviously, it is not free, and the central bank is taking on a lot of FX risk. Ultimately , it will come down to how well that risk is managed over the next five years when the deposits come due.
RBI is effectively absorbing all the FX hedging cost on the principal amount through the swap. Biggest risk to banks is interest dollars mainly.
RBI may have some valuation risk, but I would not count it too much since it's a swap & there is a match between $ asset and $ obligation. Much more meaningful macro risk to RBI would be monetary policy/liquidity now that the banks are flush with rupees.
 
RBI is effectively absorbing all the FX hedging cost on the principal amount through the swap. Biggest risk to banks is interest dollars mainly.
RBI may have some valuation risk, but I would not count it too much since it's a swap & there is a match between $ asset and $ obligation. Much more meaningful macro risk to RBI would be monetary policy/liquidity now that the banks are flush with rupees.
Dude, there is no free lunch. A swap just means there is an exchange of cash flows with different risk profiles. It doesn't mean the risk is eliminated. In fact, some of the biggest financial disasters have been amplified by the use of swaps. Fully hedging the risk with maturity matched 3 -5 year fx forwards will be very expensive. I doubt the central bank willl pay that cost upfront. Shorter dated forwards and spot hedging through normal FX flows will be cheaper, but will carry timing mismatch risk.

It may still work out but it is risky and it will require a combination of skill and luck to keep hedging costs reasonable.
 
Dude, there is no free lunch. A swap just means there is an exchange of cash flows with different risk profiles. It doesn't mean the risk is eliminated. In fact, some of the biggest financial disasters have been amplified by the use of swaps. Fully hedging the risk with maturity matched 3 -5 year fx forwards will be very expensive. I doubt the central bank willl pay that cost upfront. Shorter dated forwards and spot hedging through normal FX flows will be cheaper, but will carry timing mismatch risk.

It may still work out but it is risky and it will require a combination of skill and luck to keep hedging costs reasonable.
There is no free lunch here as well, risk to banks by interest dollars and risk to RBI through opportunity costs & monetary policy (assuming rupee will depreciate, infact it will definitely depreciate). But RBI obligation is fixed and as per the swap terms it will likely get less rupees at the time of maturity. What else is the issue?
It's basically a INR-USD swap where RBI will absorb the FX hedge on the principal amount and get less rupees back after 5 years.
 

Pakistan raises record $3 billion through dual-tranche Eurobond

Government issues $1.75 billion 5.5-year Eurobond at 7.50% and $1.25 billion 10-year bond at 7.90%; transaction attracts nearly $6 billion demand, twice the amount issued in global orders

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Pakistan has successfully raised $3 billion through a dual-tranche Eurobond transaction, marking the largest-ever international bond issuance by the country in a single transaction, the Ministry of Finance said.

The transaction attracted nearly $6 billion in orders, almost twice the amount issued, from a broad and diversified base of institutional investors across global markets and continents.

According to the ministry, Pakistan issued a $1.75 billion Eurobond with a 5.5-year maturity at a coupon rate of 7.50%, along with a $1.25 billion 10-year Eurobond carrying a coupon of 7.90%, taking the total issuance to $3 billion.

The Finance Ministry said the transaction marked a major milestone in Pakistan’s renewed and increasingly diversified access to international capital markets, with the scale of demand reflecting investor confidence and the country’s ability to access global funding markets at significant scale.

It said competitive pricing across both maturities, together with strong demand extending to the 10-year tenor, demonstrated Pakistan’s ability to mobilise sizeable longer-term financing as international investors reassess the country’s improving macroeconomic and credit fundamentals.

The transaction also represents an important milestone in Pakistan’s broader “Road to Market” strategy.

Following the successful inaugural Panda Bond and improvements in Pakistan’s sovereign credit profile, the Eurobond transaction is the first issuance under the country’s renewed strategic Global Medium-Term Note (GMTN) Programme, creating a platform for diversified access to international capital markets.

The ministry said the objective was not simply to raise additional debt. Pakistan is pursuing a broader strategy of active sovereign liability management aimed at diversifying financing sources, extending maturities, reducing refinancing and rollover risks, and creating opportunities to replace shorter-term and more expensive obligations with longer-duration, competitively priced financing where economically beneficial.

Pakistan has already pursued substantial early retirement of domestic debt ahead of maturity, according to the statement. Extending that approach to external financing forms part of the same strategy of improving the sovereign debt profile.

The ministry said the approach was focused on borrowing on better terms, extending maturities, diversifying funding and reducing refinancing risks, distinguishing active sovereign balance-sheet management from simply raising additional debt.

The Debt Management Office of the Ministry of Finance played a pivotal role in delivering the transaction, the statement said.

Citi, Deutsche Bank, Emirates NBD, MUFG and Standard Chartered acted as joint bookrunners for the issuance.

The government also acknowledged the support of other stakeholders, including legal counsels involved in the transaction.

The ministry said the issuance followed improvements in Pakistan’s economic trajectory over the past three years, which had increasingly been recognised through successive sovereign credit-rating upgrades and the country’s renewed access to international capital markets.

It said the depth of the order book, its geographically diversified institutional investor base and substantial demand for a 10-year Pakistani sovereign instrument provided a market-based signal of renewed confidence in the country’s medium- and long-term economic trajectory.

The ministry, however, said the economic reform process was not complete and that fiscal discipline, structural reforms, export competitiveness, investment and productivity improvements would need to continue and deepen.

It said Pakistan was entering the next stage from a materially stronger position than three years ago, following a transition from crisis towards stabilisation, reforms, improved credibility, ratings upgrades, investor confidence and renewed access to global capital.

In April, the government initially raised $500 million through a three-year Eurobond under its GMTN Programme at a coupon rate of 6.975%. The issuance was later increased to $750 million through a $250 million green-shoe option following stronger-than-expected investor demand. The bond is due to mature in April 2029.

Pakistan also repaid a $1.4 billion Eurobond that matured in April, enabling the government to re-establish a pricing benchmark in international debt markets after several years of relying largely on multilateral, bilateral and commercial financing.

The ministry described nearly $6 billion in global investor demand and the record $3 billion raised in a single transaction as a landmark in Pakistan’s transition from economic stabilisation towards sustainable growth and a stronger platform for future access to international capital markets.



5.5‑year bond at 7.50%

Pakistan borrowed $1.75 billion.

• Interest each year:
\(1.75B × 7.5\% = 0.13125B = \$131.25M\)
• Interest for 5.5 years:
\(131.25M × 5.5 = \$721.875M\)
• Total Pakistan must return:
$1.75B + $0.722B ≈ $2.47B

10‑year bond at 7.90%

Pakistan borrowed $1.25 billion.

• Interest each year:
\(1.25B × 7.9\% = 0.09875B = \$98.75M\)
• Interest for 10 years:
\(98.75M × 10 = \$987.5M\)
• Total Pakistan must return:
$1.25B + $0.988B ≈ $2.24B


Stupidity at the highest levels. How are they going to pay this back, running back to Saudis with begging bowl? Government needs get their act together and stabilize the economy which has been on ventilator for last 15 years.
I am pretty sure that Government is going to raise petroleum levies to pay back these loans.
 
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